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Effect of Long-Term Application of Biosolids on Molybdenum Content of Winter Wheat Forage

Effect of Long-Term Application of Biosolids on Molybdenum Content of Winter Wheat Forage. Nick Basta and Bill Raun Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University. Mo Concerns. Molybdenosis in Cattle Biosolids Mo may increase forage Mo May narrow the Cu/Mo ratio.

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Effect of Long-Term Application of Biosolids on Molybdenum Content of Winter Wheat Forage

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  1. Effect of Long-Term Application of Biosolids on Molybdenum Content of Winter Wheat Forage Nick Basta and Bill Raun Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University

  2. Mo Concerns • Molybdenosis in Cattle • Biosolids Mo may increase forage Mo • May narrow the Cu/Mo ratio. • High pH soil (liming) may increase concern

  3. Experimental Methods Experimental Design: RCB, 3 Reps Treatments: 14 N Sources: Biosolid, Ammonium nitrate N Rates: 0, 40, 80, 160, 240, 480 kg N/ha/yr Non-factorial treatments: Lime applied at high N rate (both sources) Norge loam (fine mixed, thermic Udertic Paleustoll) Planting: (October 15, 1998) Forage Sampling: Clipped at ground level (1x1m) Feekes 4 (December 9, 1998) Winter Wheat Variety: Tonkawa Forage Processing: Samples dried and ground to pass 150 uM (100 mesh)

  4. Treatment structure and grain yield means, 1994-1998, Stillwater, OK. Trt N rate N Source 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Avg pH kg/ha ---------------------------- bu/ac --------------------------- 1 0 - 6.9 7.4 9.1 16.8 28.8 13.8 6.8 2 0 - 5.6 7.7 8.6 19.1 23.9 13.0 3 40 SS 7.8 8.5 10.8 23.2 35.4 17.1 4 80 SS 9.2 8.5 9.8 22.5 33.4 16.7 5 160 SS 13.2 8.5 18.4 20.8 45.4 21.2 6 240 SS 15.4 9.1 13.7 20.7 42.1 20.2 7 480 SS 22.4 15.3 12.2 21.7 53.6 25.0 6.0 8 40 AN 26.5 9.2 5.0 20.4 30.6 18.3 9 80 AN 25.9 13.5 7.6 26.2 42.6 23.1 10 160 AN 28.6 17.8 9.9 32.4 51.2 28.0 11 240 AN 38.5 21.1 8.0 35.0 45.2 29.5 12 480 AN 34.8 19.1 8.3 38.0 46.2 29.2 4.6 13 480 SS+L 24.8 15.6 13.1 24.2 55.5 26.7 6.6 14 480 AN+L 32.5 19.7 11.6 42.3 55.2 32.2 4.8 L - lime applied at a rate of 8960 kg/ha (4 tons/acre) in the first year of the study

  5. Chemical Characteristics of soil (0-30 cm) prior to treatment application __________________________________________________________________ pH Organic C Total N NH4-N NO3-N K P CEC --------g kg-1-------- -----------------mg kg-1---------------- cmol kg -1 6.4 11.9 1.1 7.0 5.0 25.3 30.2 13.05 ___________________________________________________________________

  6. Biosolids Applied (480 kg N/ha) Year 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 93-7 EPA median Mo (ppm) 50.2 9.3 25.7 16.7 16.4 17.0 9 Cu (ppm) 928 756 684 454 507 600 741 Mo (kg/ha) 0.47 0.17 0.26 0.15 0.15 0.18 • City of Stillwater • Anaerobic-digestion

  7. Forage Collection Feekes 4 (tillering) Split forage samples: washed and unwashed

  8. Growth Stages in Cereals Ripening Stage Stem Extension Heading Tillering

  9. Chemical Analysis Wet digestion (HNO3/HClO4) ICP analysis TJA IRIS ICP, 202.0 nm LOQ 10 ppb Mo (0.2 ppm forage)

  10. Results

  11. Copper

  12. Molybdenum

  13. Cu/Mo

  14. Copper

  15. Molybdenum

  16. Cu/Mo

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