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XI. Regeneration

XI. Regeneration . A. Differences . 1. Skeletal cannot divide and has limited powers of regeneration 1. Growth after the first year is due to increase in size not number 2. Cardiac cells cannot divide or regenerate

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XI. Regeneration

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  1. XI. Regeneration

  2. A. Differences 1. Skeletal cannot divide and has limited powers of regeneration 1. Growth after the first year is due to increase in size not number 2. Cardiac cells cannot divide or regenerate 3. Smooth muscle has limited capacity for division and regeneration

  3. XII. Aging

  4. A. Rates 1. At about 30 there is progressive loss of skeletal muscle which is replaced by fat a. Also a decrease in maximal strength and slowing of muscle reflexes

  5. XIII. Developmental Anatomy

  6. A. Stages 1. Muscles develop from the mesoderm 2. Skeletal muscles of the head and extremities develop from general mesoderm a. The rest develops from the mesoderm of somites

  7. XIV. Disorders

  8. A. Fibromyalagia 1. Refers t a group of common nonarticular rheumatic disorders that are more common in women characterized by pain, tenderness, and stiffness in muscles, tendons, and ligaments a. Lumbago and charley horses

  9. B. Muscular dystrophies 1. Inherited muscle destroying disease that are characterized by degeneration of individual muscle fibers, leading to progressive atrophy of muscle a. Most common is Duchenne muscular dystrophy: cures possible through gene therapy

  10. C. Myasthenia Gravis 1. An autoimmune disorder characterized by great muscular weakness and caused by antibodies directed against ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction a. As progresses, lose ACh receptors making muscles weak

  11. D. Abnormal contractions 1. Includes contraction of the skeletal muscle like spasm, cramp, tremor, fasciculation (brief twitch), fibrillation, and tic

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