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Regeneration Mechanisms

Regeneration Mechanisms. Mechanisms of Regeneration. Some species are capable of more than one Sexual Vegetative. Seed. All species have to have this capability May be uncommon Small seed Large seed When dissemination? How disseminated?. Stump Sprouts. Well established root system

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Regeneration Mechanisms

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  1. Regeneration Mechanisms

  2. Mechanisms of Regeneration • Some species are capable of more than one • Sexual • Vegetative

  3. Seed • All species have to have this capability • May be uncommon • Small seed • Large seed • When dissemination? • How disseminated?

  4. Stump Sprouts • Well established root system • Large store of carbohydrates • Young and vigorous stronger than old • Most angiosperms • bigleaf maple • red alder

  5. Root Suckers • Can use root system for short period • Stored carbohydrates • Often soil temperature dependent • Some angiosperms • aspen

  6. Layering • Pieces of stem form adventitious roots and shoots • Some angiosperms and some conifers • vine maple • black and balsam popular • red cedar

  7. USDA Forest Service

  8. Underground stems • Non-trees • Ferns

  9. ) hay-scented fern ( Dennstaedtiapunctilobula Steve Horsley, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

  10. Buried Seed • Some seed stays alive in the duff for many years (or decades) • cherry • Rubus (salmonberry)

  11. Advance Regeneration • Some species can remain alive in the understory for long periods • May periodically die back to the root collar • Must be quite shade tolerant • Angiosperms and conifers • true firs • hemlock? • red cedar? • salal

  12. 1915

  13. 1930

  14. Relationship With Disturbances • Competitive ability is directly impacted by disturbance • This information can be used in silvicultural planning

  15. Intensity • Less intense favors sprouting and advance regeneration • Mid intensity favors layering, underground stems and perhaps buried seed • Most intense favors seeding

  16. Frequency • Long intervals favor advance regeneration and sometimes seed • Short intervals favor sprouting

  17. Scale • Seed may not be able to travel full distance of large scale disturbances • “generation and a half”

  18. Examples • Wind – advance regeneration, perhaps seed on windthrow mounds • Cool fire – sprouting • Hot fire – root suckering, seed, buried seed • Avalanches – advance regeneration, sprouting

  19. Examples • Light cutting – advance regeneration • Heavy cutting – sprouting, seed of all types • Machinery has effect

  20. Site Prep • Changes disturbance regime

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