COLD WAR: SUPER POWERS FACE OFF

1. COLD WAR:SUPER POWERSFACE OFF

2. 1. Meeting @ Potsdam, Germany • Stalin refuses Truman’s idea of free elections in Eastern Europe • Stalin says USSR vs. USA war is certain.

3. 2. Policy of Containment • Designed to halt the spread of Communism • USA assists weak nations in order to resist Soviet advances

4. 3. Truman Doctrine • US support for nations that reject communism • Increased hostility between the USSR & USA

5. 4. Marshall Plan • US money used to help rebuild war-torn Western Europe • Encouraged Western Europe to be Anti-Communist

6. 5. Blockade of Berlin • Created a need for the Berlin Airlift

7. The Berlin Airlift supplied: • Seventeen hundred calories per person per day: • consisting of 646 tons of flour and wheat, 125 tons of cereal, 64 tons of fat, 109 tons of meat and fish, 180 tons of dehydrated potatoes, 180 tons of sugar, 11 tons of coffee, 19 tons of powdered milk, 5 tons of whole milk for children, 3 tons of fresh yeast for baking, 144 tons of dehydrated vegetables, 38 tons of salt and 10 tons of cheese. In total, 1,534 tons were needed daily to keep the over 2 million people alive.

8. 5. Blockade of Berlin • Created a need for the Berlin Airlift • Soviets eventually lift the Blockade • Early US victory in the Cold War

9. 6. Formation of North Atlantic Treaty Organization • Created a split Europe: • East = Communism • West = Democracy • Warsaw Pact – East • NATO = West

10. 7. Policy of Brinkmanship • The willingness of both superpowers to launch Nuclear Weapons at targets within their Enemy’s country.

11. 8. Launching of Sputnik • “Space race” leads to public competition between the USA & USSR • Both countries use the space program to develop Inter - Continental -Ballistic - Missiles