The Hundred Years’ War

1. The Hundred Years’ War Between England and France 1337-1453

2. English Possessions

3. The Hundred Years War • The Hundred Years War covers many famous battles, like Orleans with Joan of Arc and Agincourt with Henry V. • It started in about 1340 with the battle of Sluys, and ended in about 1450 with the battle of Bordeaux. • Not exactly 100 years but close enough.

5. The Battle of Sluys, 1340 • Lead by Edward III on the English side and by Philip VI on the French side. • This was a sea battle, and very sad for the French. • They had tied all their boats together to make it easier to move supplies across them, and the English took advantage of this and started a fire on one, and it spread to the others, thus destroying the French navy and giving England control of the Channel.

6. The Battle of Crecy, 1346 • Lead by Edward III and the Black Prince on the English side and by Philip VI on the French side. • There was some new technology in this battle: The English yew bow, or long bow, with one shot every five seconds. • Compared to the French crossbow, with one shot every two minutes, this was a doomsday device against the French. • The English won this battle also, and the French lost many fine knights.

7. The Siege of Calais, 1347 • Lead by Edward III on the English side and by the Governor of Calais on the French side. • The English won again, but the town was saved when six Burghers surrendered • The English then colonized the city.

8. The Black Death, 1348-1350 • This isn't a battle, obviously, but it did take place during the war, and affected both sides.

9. The Battle of Poitiers, 1356 • Lead by the Black Prince on the English side and by John I on the French side. • The English win again, and John I is captured for ransom. • After this battle, the English have some trouble, both the Black Prince and Edward III die - the leaders who have won all the battles for the English so far.

10. The Battle of Agincourt, 1415 • Lead by Henry V on the English side and by the Constable of France on the French side. • The English develop armor piercing arrows, and the French get two-edged swords. • This battle is famous for Henry V's speech beforehand, the St. Crispin's day speech. • The English archers are able to easily kill off a great number of French noble since they are getting stuck in the mud with their heavy armor, and thus win the battle.

11. The Battle of Orleans, 1429 • Lead by Joan of Arc on the French side against various English leaders. • This gives the French some encouragement after they win a battle for once, and they all rally together. • Around this time Charles VII is crowned king because of Joan, and, sadly, Joan is later burned as a witch.

12. The Battle of Bordeaux, 1450 • This battle ends the war, and even though the French won this battle, they had lost most of the others. • The French were lead by Louis XI and they kicked the English out of France.