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Culture, Creativity, Innovation

Culture, Creativity, Innovation. Ch 14 Part 2: April 24. Creativity. Production of novel, useful ideas Can be trained; can use group methods Delphi technique 3 components of creativity Must have basic relevant skills in area Creativity skills needed

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Culture, Creativity, Innovation

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  1. Culture, Creativity, Innovation Ch 14 Part 2: April 24

  2. Creativity • Production of novel, useful ideas • Can be trained; can use group methods • Delphi technique • 3 components of creativity • Must have basic relevant skills in area • Creativity skills needed • Individual Diffs in this – related to? • Age effects? • Tenure effects?

  3. (cont.) • Intrinsic motivation – Amabile (’96), people will be most creative when motivated by interest, sat, & challenge of the work itself, not by external pressures. • Note importance of social environment/culture • May also be linked to positive affect – • Multiplicative relationship betw 3 components (creativity = 0 if any one is 0)

  4. Amabile’s research • Importance of social environment on creativity – • 3 features appear to be critical: • 1) Competition – different effects depending on locus of the competition • How so? • 2) Time pressure – paradox but overall a slight neg effect (cont…)

  5. (cont.) • How does legitimacy of the time pressure affect creativity? • 3. Rewards – complex effects. • What does she mean by the ‘threshold effect’ with resources?

  6. Innovation • Process of developing & implementing new ideas • Could include products or processes • Orgs have to innovate to survive, but innovation may be resisted & become political

  7. (cont.) • Implement creative ideas within org • Org must have culture that values innovation • Must have resources (financial, people) • Management linked w/innovation • How so? • Examples?

  8. Most Innovative Orgs (based on patents)See Table 14.6 • 1 – General Electric = 50,837 patents • 2 – IBM = 32,498 patents • 3 – Westinghouse Electric = 28,005 • 4 – AT&T = 23,948 • 5 – General Motors = 23,559 • 6- Du Pont • 7 – Hitachi • 8 – Eastman Kodak • 9 – Canon • 10 – U.S. Navy = 17,805

  9. Innovation • Case studies of innovative orgs reveal presence of 1 or more ‘idea champions’ • Who are these? • Howell & Higgens (90) study comparing champions v non-champions who worked on same project: • Differences in the groups? • What may lead you to be a ‘champion’?

  10. Innovation • Communication – w/external environment • “Gatekeepers” - what do they do? • Internal v external communication • How does culture play a role in this?

  11. 5-stage model • Innovation process can include: • Set the agenda (mission statement as guide) • Set the stage – w/goal setting • Produce ideas • Test & implement ideas – resources impt. • Outcome assessment -

  12. Best Practices in Innovation • Set challenging goals • Application of goal-setting theory • Introducing diversity/new ideas • Outsiders v insiders • Create opportunities for talented ees • Allow ees to move around internally w/o having to give up job title (GE) • Reward innovation – w/share of profits (GE)

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