Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design

1. Engineering Technology Division Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design

2. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Overview • Introduction • Feasibility Studies • Design Priorities • Power Plant Design • Combined Cycle Plants • Cogeneration Plants

3. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Introduction • Type of Power Plant • Electric Production • Steam or Hot Water Heating • Cogeneration Plant – Steam and Electric • Combined Cycle – Steam and Gas Turbines • CPCC – Both Cogeneration & Combined Cycle

4. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Introduction • Basics • Power Plant Type • Gross Costs • Need – 4 gas stations at one intersection • Fuel Type and Location • Disposal • Construction • State Laws • Capacity Factor • Maintenance • Life Time • Water Source

5. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Introduction – Costs per MWH

6. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Feasibility Study - Screening • •Objectives • –Provide tribal investment opportunity (diversification) • –Provide tribal employment opportunities • –Enhance economics of other tribal operations (fishery, headquarters campus, future industrial/energy park) • •Resources • –Limited land • –Poor wind, geothermal and solar potential • –Strong logging and forest products industry in the region • •Markets • –Wisconsin regulations prohibit retail power sales • –Fishery, tribal headquarters campus and casinos are potential users of waste heat • –State has initiatives to mandate accelerated use of renewable energy • •Conclusion • –A biomass renewable energy project based on burning residues and waste from logging and forest products manufacturing operation is consistent with tribal objectives and resources, and consistent with state renewable energy initiatives.

7. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Feasibility Study - Feasibility • Identification of potential power purchasers and assessment of level of interest • Resource assessment (sources, volumes, reliability, pricing, fuel value, current uses) • Fuel supply strategy (for biomass projects) • Candidate technology assessment (equipment manufacturers, experience, fuel compatibility, impacts, site requirements, preliminary economics screening) • Project structure strategy (ownership, operation and staffing responsibility, etc.) • Market development strategy (regulatory constraints, mandates, incentives, transmission constraints, competition) • Preparation of detailed site selection criteria (“musts and wants” re: proximity to sales points, proximity to fuel source, transportation infrastructure, utility infrastructure, environmental considerations, land and buffer requirements, etc.) • Site Screening / Site Selection (prime and back-up, if appropriate) • Permitting Strategy • Socio-economic and environmental impacts • Economics

8. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Design Priorities Choice of Cycle – Addition or New Steam vs. High temp Water – Capacity and Costs Choice of Fuel – Heat, Disposal, Location, Costs Choice of Auxiliaries – Essential vs. Nonessential Instrumentation and Automatic Control – Efficiency, Personnel Reduction, Performance Development Structures – IPP, Third Party, EPC

9. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Power Plant Design • Considerations • Load Forecasts • Load Factor – Capacity Factor • Peak Load – Maximum Need • System Reserve • Cold Reserve • Spinning Reserve – Rolling Stock • Plant Configuration • Type

10. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Combined Cycle – Unfired HRSG

11. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Combined Cycle – Supplementary - Fired HRSG

12. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Furnace - Fired Steam Generator

13. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Cogeneration Plants – Power and Steam

14. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Cogeneration Plants – Power and Power

15. Section 2.2– Basic Power Plant Design Questions?