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COLD WAR 1

COLD WAR 1. 1945-1962. What is the United Nations?. An international organization to keep peace in the world. What were two results of the American occupation of Japan after World War II?. Japan became a democracy. Japan became an ally (friend) of the United States. What was the Cold War?.

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COLD WAR 1

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  1. COLD WAR 1 1945-1962

  2. What is the United Nations? • An international organization to keep peace in the world

  3. What were two results of the American occupation of Japan after World War II? • Japan became a democracy. • Japan became an ally (friend) of the United States.

  4. What was the Cold War? • The war of words between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1991

  5. What is communism? • An economic system in which allproperty and meansofproduction are owned by society as a whole (i.e., by the government in the name of the people)

  6. What is socialism? • An economic system in which the government owns and controls the means of production, like power plants, transportation, and communication

  7. What were the fundamental values of the American-led western nations during the Cold War?

  8. Democracy • Individual freedom • Free market economic system based on private property and profit

  9. What were the fundamental values of the Soviet Union and its allies during the Cold War?

  10. Totalitarian government or dictatorship • Communism • Communist or socialist economic system

  11. Where did the threat of a communist takeover cause President Truman to announce the Truman Doctrine? • Greece • Turkey

  12. What was the Truman Doctrine? • United States would “support free peoples who [were] resisting attempted subjugation [control] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”

  13. What President was responsible for the Marshall Plan? • Harry Truman

  14. What was the Marshall Plan? • U.S. economic aid program to European nations after World War II

  15. What was the dual purpose of the Marshall Plan? • Rebuild European economies • Stop the spread of communism

  16. What was containment? • The American policy to limit communism to those areas where it already existed

  17. What was the non-communist part of Germany during the Cold War? • West Germany

  18. What was the communist part of Germany during the Cold War? • East Germany

  19. Who was Alger Hiss? • A U.S. State Department official charged with giving secret documents to the Soviets • Convicted of perjury

  20. Who were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg? • A couple who gained information about the U.S. atomic project • They were convicted of espionage and executed

  21. What is espionage? Spying

  22. What federal agency coordinates the spy activities of the United States government? • Central Intelligence Agency or CIA

  23. What was NATO? • A defensive military alliance of U.S. and Western European countries • An attack on one would be considered an attack on all

  24. Who was the Communist Chinese leader? • Mao Zedong

  25. Who was the anti-communist Chinese leader? • Chiang Kai-shek

  26. What is Taiwan? • Anti-communist nation founded on the island of Formosa when Chiang fled China

  27. Who was Senator Joseph McCarthy? • A Republican senator who accused many American officials of being communists

  28. What was McCarthyism? • Unfairly accusing others of disloyalty, especially of being pro-communist, without solid evidence

  29. How has the term McCarthyism continued to be used? • To refer to situations where someone makes false accusations based on rumor or guilt by association

  30. What were the Army-McCarthy Hearings? • Televised investigations of alleged communist influence in the United States Army • Revealed that Senator Joseph McCarthy had made many false charges

  31. Why were the Army-McCarthy Hearings important?

  32. Showed that Senator Joseph McCarthy was a liar and a bully • Ended Senator McCarthy’s power and influence

  33. What event brought an end to Joseph McCarthy’s power and influence? • The Army-McCarthy Hearings

  34. Which is the communist Korea? • North Korea

  35. Which is non-communist Korea? • South Korea

  36. What was the Korean War? • The 1950-1953 war caused when communist North Korea invaded anti-communist South Korea

  37. Who was president when the Korean War began? • Harry S. Truman

  38. Who was president when the Korean War ended? • Dwight D. Eisenhower

  39. Which president was associated with massive retaliation? • Dwight D. Eisenhower

  40. What was Massive Retaliation? • President Eisenhower’s policy that the U.S. would use swift, all-out military actions against any nation that attacked the U.S. or an ally

  41. What was the Bay of Pigs? • The CIA sponsored invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro. It failed!

  42. Who was president during the Cuban Missile Crisis? • John F. Kennedy

  43. What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? • Soviets placed nuclear missiles in Cuba • U.S. blockaded Cuba • Soviets removed the missiles

  44. Who was the Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis? • Nikita Khrushchev

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