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Organizatat Nd rkomb tare

Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM . Organizata e Kombeve t

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Organizatat Nd rkomb tare

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    1. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizatat Ndėrkombėtare Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM.Eur (PhD Candidate) bardhyl@hasanpapaj.com Semetri Veror, 2011

    2. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Idetė e Para: Presidenti i SHBA-sė Franklin D. Roosevelt Kryeministri i B.Madhe dhe Irlandės Veriore, ėinston Churchill Nė: “Karta e Atlantikut”, 14 Gusht 1941, e cila parashihte pėrcaktimin e disa vlerave tė pėrbashkėta pėr themelimin e paqes nė Botė.

    3. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara “Karta e Atlantikut”, ishte akt 2 Palėsh por praktikisht kishte si synim tė gjitha vendet e botės, me idelae tė pėrgjithme pėr rregullimin e botės mbi parimet e: Lirisė, Tė barazisė Vetvendosjes Ndalimit tė forcės, dhe Garantimit tė paqes pėrmes sistemit tė sigurisė kolektive.

    4. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Origjina e OKB: Deklarata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara (01.01.1942) (26 vendet qė ishin nė luftė kundėr vendeve tė Boshtit, kishin lidhur kualicion “Mbi parimet e Kartės sė Atlantikut”). Mė vonė Deklaratės iu bashkuan edhe 21 vende tjera. Konferencat e Moskės, Teheranit, Dumbarton Oaks, dhe tė Jaltės (mes 43 – shkurt 45, kjo e fundit) - Bashkimi Sovjetik, Britania e Madhe, SHBA, Kina proklamonin krijimin e njė organizate universale pėr ruatjen e paqes nė botė (Roosevelti. Stalini, Churchilli).

    5. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Konferenca e Kombeve tė Bashkuara e San-Franciskos (25.04.–26.06.1945) Konference e hapur ndaj tė gjitha kombeve tė bashkuara (i.e. vendet qė u kishin shpallė luftė vendeve tė Boshtit) – (rasti i A.Saudite, Egjipti, Siria, Libani, Turqia, Argjentina, Peruja, Uruguai dhe Paraguai)! 50 shtetet pėrfaqėsuese tė konferencės me 26 Qershor 1945 nėnshkruan “Kartėn e Organizatės sė Kombeve tė Bashkuara” e cila hyri nė fuqi mė 24 tetor 1945. AssPėrgjithshme mė 14 shkurt, provizorisht, e me 14 dhjetor, pėrfundimisht, 1946: Selia e OKB. NY.

    6. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Qėllimet e OKB: Tė ruhet paqja dhe siguria ndėrkombėtare; Tė zhvillohen marrėdhėniet miqėsore ndėrmjet kombeve, duke respektuar parimin e barazisė dhe tė vetvendosjes, duke marrė tė gjitha masat pėr tė forcuar paqen nė botė; Tė realizohet bashkėpunimi ndėrkombėtarė pėr zgjidhjen e problemeve ndėrkombėtare (ekonomike, shoqėrore, intelektual, humanitar etj.), duke inkurajuar respektimin, pa kurrfarė dallimi, e tė drejtave dhe lirive themelore tė njeriut. Ombet e Bashkuara tė jenė qendra pėr harmonizimin e pėrpjekjeve pėr arritjen kėtyre qėllimeve.

    7. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Parimet e OKB: Barazia Sovrane; Zgjidhja paqėsore e Mosmarrėveshjeve Ndėrkombėtare; Ndalimi i Pėrdorimit tė, apo kėrcėnimit me Forcė; Ndalimi i ndėrhyrjes nė Punėt e Brendshme tė shteteve; dhe Parimet tjera: (bashkėpunimi, barazia dhe vetvendosja, bona fide/mirėbesimi)

    8. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Organet e OKB: Asambleja e Pėrgjithshme; Kėshilli i Sigurimit; Kėshilli Ekonomik e Social; Kėshilli i Kujdestarisė; Gjykata Ndėrkombėtare e Drejtėsisė; Sekretariati.

    9. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Asambleja e Pėrgjithshme: Organi Qendrorė i KB; Pėrbėhet nga pėrfaqėsuesit e tė gjitha shteteve anėtare (5 pėrfaqėsues dhe 5 nėnpėrfaqėsues sė bashku me kėshilltarė dhe ekspert); Takohet nė sesione tė Rregullta (nė shtator dhe zgjatė disa muaj) dhe tė Jashtzakonshme (nga Sekretari i Pėrgjithshėm me kėrkesėn e KS apo tė shumicės sė anėtarėve tė KB) – 15 ditė nga koha kur bėhet kėrkesa po 24 orė pėr United 4 Peace Rez.) Borded, Komisionet, Kėshillat dhe Panelet; Grupet Punuese, Etj.

    10. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Kompetencat e As. Pėrgjithshme: Diskuton tė gjitha ēėshtjet nė kuadėr tė Kartės sė OKB; Vendosė pėr pranimin, pėrjashtimin apo pezullimin (me rekom. KS) Diskuton pėr tė gjitha ēėshtjet pėr ruatjen e paqes dhe tė sigurisė ndėrkombėtare; I tėrheq vėrejtjen KS pėr situatat qė rrezikojnė paqen dhe sigurinė; Rekomandon masa pėr zgjidhjen paqėsore tė situatave qė dėmtojnė marrėdhėniet miqėsore midis popujve;

    11. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Kompetencat e As. Pėrgjithshme: Pranon dhe Shqyrton raportet e KS dhe organeve tjera; Aprovon marrėveshjet e kujdestarisė pėr zonat jo-strat.; Zgjedh anėtarėt jo tė pėrhershėm tė KS, ECOSOC, Kėshillit tė Kujdestarisė; Zgjedh Gjyqtarėt e GJND sė bashku me KS; Emėron Sekretarin e Pėrgjithshėm nė bazė tė Rekomandimit tė KS. Shqyrton dhe Aprovon Buxhetin e KB dhe kontributet e anėtarėve; Miraton tekstet e konventave ndėrkombėtare (funksioni Legjislativ); Funksionet nė bazė tė Rezolutės “United for Peace/Tė bashkuar pėr Paqe” (337/V – nentor 1950).

    12. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Kėshilli i Sigurimit: 5 Naėtarė tė Pėrhershėm (SHBA, Mbretėria e Bashkuar, Franca, Rusia dhe Kina) 10 Anėtarė jo tė Pėrhershėm (zgjedhen ēdo 2 vite nga As. e Pėrgjithshme) sipas formulės gjeografike: 5 vende Afro-Aziatike (3 Afr. me 2 Az.); 2 Vende Amerikes Latine dhe Karaibeve; 2 Vende Evropės Perėndimore dhe “vendeve tjera” (Kanada, Australi, Zelanda e Re); dhe 1 vend Evropės Lindore.

    13. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Kompetencat e KS: Tė ruajė paqen dhe sigurinė nė botė dhe pėr kėtė ka tė drejtė tė marrė masa efektive nė ēdo kohė tė prishjes apo kėrcėnimit pėr prishjen e paqes; Zgjidhjen e mosmarrėveshjeve nė mėnyrė paqėsore; Tė zhvillojė hetime mbi secilėn situatė tė kėrcėnimit tė paqes dhe sigurisė nė botė; Formulonė planet pėr sistemin e rregullimit tė armatimit; Vendosė mbi egzistimin e kėrcėnimit pėr paqe, prishjes sė paqes apo akteve tė agresionit si dhe tė rekomandojė masat pėrkatėse qė duhen marrė; Rekomandon masat e pėrkohshme pėr pengimin e keqėsimit tė situatave konfliktuoze.

    14. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Kompetencat e KS: Vendose mbi masat, duke pėrfshirė edhe pėrdorimin e forcave tė armatosura, pėr tė siguruar zbatimin e vendimeve tė tij; Merr masa dhe aksione me forca ajrore, detare apo tokėsore tė domozdoshme pėr ruajtjen apo kthimin e paqes dhe sigurisė ndėrkombėtare; Kontrollon dhe mbikqyrė “zonat strategjike” nėn kujdestari; Mund tė urdhėrojė pėrmbushjen e dhunshme tė vendimeve tė GJND-sė; Kompetencat sė bashku me As. Pėrgjithshme.

    15. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Votimi nė KS: Ēėshtjet Procedurale – mjaftojnė 9 vota tė cilatdo shteteve (caktimi i vendit tė mbledhjeve, agjendės, zgjedhja e kryetarit, pjesmarrjen e anėtarėve tjerė nė mbledhjen e KS; zgjedhjen e gjyqtarėve tė GJND) Ēėshtjet tjera: 9 vota, pėrfshirė kėtu 5 votat e pėrhershme. Pėrdorimi i vetos! abstenimi?

    16. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Anėtarėsia nė OKB: 51 shtetet themeluese (Polonia!) E hapur pėr tė gjitha vendet, qė plotėsojnė 4 kushtet: Tė jenė paqėdashės (peace-loving!); t’i pranojnė detyrimet qė rrjedhin nga Karta e OKB-sė; Tė jetė i aftė pėr pėrmbushjen e detyrimeve; dhe Tė jetė i gatshėm pėr pėrmbushjen e detyrimeve. Procedura: Asambleja e Pėrgjithshme me 2/3 pas Rekomandimit tė KS.

    17. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Organizata e Kombeve tė Bashkuara Pėrfundimi i Antarėsisė: Tėrheqja; (rasti i Indonezisė mars 65 - shtator 66) Pėrjashtimi; Nė rast tė shkeljes sė vazhdueshme tė Kartės sė OKB. Pezullimi. Ndalimi i ushtrimit tė drejtave dhe privilegjeve tė anėtarit. Procedura, sikur ajo e pranimit nė OKB.

    18. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Entente Poėers ėere the countries at ėar ėith the Central Poėers during ėorld ėar I. The key members of the Triple Entente ėere: the United Kingdom, France, and the Russian Empire. USA (Zimmermann Telegram!) These other countries ėere also minor members of the Entente: Belgium, Serbia, Italy, Japan, Greece, Romania.

    19. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM

    20. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM The Central Poėers ėere composed of the folloėing nations: Austro-Hungarian Empire: entered the ėar on 28 July 1914 German Empire (including German colonial forces): 1 August 1914 Ottoman Empire: secretly 2 August 1914; openly 29 October 1914 Kingdom of Bulgaria: 14 October 1915

    21. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM The Zimmermann Telegram (or Zimmermann Note) ėas a 1917 diplomatic proposal from the German Empire to Mexico to make ėar against the United States. The proposal ėas declined by Mexico, due to a Civil ėar in the country, but angered Americans and led in part to a U.S. declaration of ėar in April

    22. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Zimmermann's message ėas: "ėe intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine ėarfare. ėe shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the United States of America neutral. In the event of this not succeeding, ėe make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the folloėing basis: make ėar together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, Neė Mexico, and Arizona. The settlement in detail is left to you. You ėill inform the President of the above most secretly as soon as the outbreak of ėar ėith the United States of America is certain and add the suggestion that he should, on his oėn initiative, invite Japan to immediate adherence and at the same time mediate betėeen Japan and ourselves. Please call the President's attention to the fact that the ruthless employment of our submarines noė offers the prospect of compelling England in a feė months to make peace." Signed, ZIMMERMANN

    23. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM The message came as a coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 16, 1917, to the German ambassador in ėashington, D.C., Johann von Bernstorff, at the height of ėorld ėar I. On January 19, Bernstorff, per Zimmermann's request, forėarded the telegram to the German ambassador in Mexico, Heinrich von Eckardt. Zimmermann sent the telegram in anticipation of the resumption of unrestricted submarine ėarfare by Germany on February 1, an act ėhich German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollėeg feared ėould draė the neutral U.S. into ėar on the side of the Allies.[1] The telegram instructed Ambassador Eckardt that if the U.S. appeared likely to enter the ėar, he ėas to approach the Mexican Government ėith a proposal for military alliance. He ėas to offer Mexico material aid in the reclamation of territory lost during the Mexican-American ėar (the Southeastern section of the area of the Mexican Cession of 1848) and the Gadsden Purchase, specifically the American states of Texas, Neė Mexico, and Arizona. Eckardt ėas also instructed to urge Mexico to help broker an alliance betėeen Germany and the Japanese Empire. The Zimmermann Telegram ėas intercepted and decoded by the British cryptographers of Room 40.[2] The revelation of its contents in the American press on March 1 caused public outrage that contributed to the U.S.'s declaration of ėar against Germany and its allies on April 6.

    24. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Allies of ėorld ėar II The Allies of ėorld ėar II ėere the countries that opposed the Axis poėers during the Second ėorld ėar (1939–1945). Former Axis states contributing to the allied victory are not considered Allied states. The Allies became involved in ėorld ėar II either because they had already been invaded, ėere directly threatened ėith invasion by the Axis or because they ėere concerned that the Axis poėers ėould come to control the ėorld.[1] The anti-German coalition at the start of the ėar (September 1, 1939) consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom.[2] After 1941, the leaders of the British Empire, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and the United States of America, knoėn as the "Big Three",[3] held leadership of the allied poėers. France, before its defeat in 1940 and after Operation Overlord in 1944, as ėell as China[4][5][6] at that time, ėere also major Allies.[7] Other Allies included Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Ethiopia, Greece, Mexico, the Netherlands, Neė Zealand, Norėay, the Union of South Africa and Yugoslavia.[8]

    25. Bardhyl Hasanpapaj, LLM Allies of ėorld ėar II During December, 1941, US President Franklin Roosevelt devised the name "United Nations" for the Allies. He referred to the Big Three and China as a "trusteeship of the poėerful", and then later the "Four Policemen".[9] The Declaration by United Nations on 1 January 1942 ėas the basis of the modern United Nations (UN).[10] At the Potsdam Conference of July–August 1945, Roosevelt's successor, Harry S. Truman, proposed that the foreign ministers of China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States "should draft the peace treaties and boundary settlements of Europe", ėhich led to the creation of the Council of Foreign Ministers.[11]

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