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CARE Bangladesh

CARE Bangladesh. Strategic Impact Inquiry. Areas of Inquiry. What are the underlying assumptions in CARE B’s literature on gender and power Men’s and women’s own views of empowerment and gender relations Women’s strategies to negotiate their marginalization. Country Comparison.

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CARE Bangladesh

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  1. CARE Bangladesh Strategic Impact Inquiry

  2. Areas of Inquiry • What are the underlying assumptions in CARE B’s literature on gender and power • Men’s and women’s own views of empowerment and gender relations • Women’s strategies to negotiate their marginalization

  3. Country Comparison

  4. The Northwest of Bangladesh less conservative low wage rates few non-farm industries seasonal hunger intra-regional variation

  5. Context Analysis - Union • distribution of state funded development schemes • local forms of justice (salish) • role of elected women members

  6. The Democratic Process • Vote purchasing • High costs associated with campaigns • Costs are recovered through dispute arbitration and distribution of entitlements • Politicians use musclemen • Although rare, resistance exists

  7. Women in the Union Parishad • Women members are marginalized, but have begun to assert themselves • Husbands with connections are key • Adopt corrupt practices • Are divided • Serves as dispute arbitrator

  8. Study community in relation to the union • Politically in a significant ‘ward’ • Their candidate lost the last election • Cut off from relief in crisis • Local elite distributes money for vote and extracts money through dispute arbitration

  9. KEY EVENTS • 1900 Settlement of Hamlet • 1968 Women vote for the first time (A Samad) • 1968 First incidence of corruption in electoral process • 1972 Women began selling labour in agricultural field • 1974 Famine • 1976 First Deep Tube Well installed in the area • 1980’ Girls begin to attend school • Severe flooding • Severe flooding • 1988 Migration to Bogra, Dhaka & Chittagong begin • 1990’ Credit NGO’s begin to work • Amlagachi market developed by CARE • Para was 100% sanitized

  10. Para Profile • 97 Households • 11 HHs are women headed • Muslim para • relatively limited economic differentiation • 4 NGOs

  11. LAND DISTRIBUTION

  12. Well Being Grouping and Economic Relations in Jalagari Own 2-8 bigha land; F.S. Round the Year Share out lives stock They help extreme poor (Fithra, money etc) They can sell rice after consumption. Well off A-12 Own 1-2 bigha land; F.S. 8 months Share in livestock Very few sell labour. Some migrate to Dhaka Medium B-28 Low. Mid. C-19 Own 20-30 decimal land; F.S. 6 Months Sharecropper Some sell labour. 6 month RPA Out side Para Poor D-29 Own only homestead; F.S. 1 – 2 Months Van puller Sell labour Some are sharecroppers Women-headed households Own only homestead; No Food Security Works in others’ home / sell labor. Take help from well off families Extr. poor E-9 Provide assistance or capital Sell labor Rare

  13. Kinship Patterns • - Five kin group that vary in terms of number of households • - Fairly even class distribution among kin groups • Fairly even NGO membership distribution with 80% all HHs involved in NGOs

  14. Network Analysis Wealthier woman ● Very limited interaction/relation with non kin within para ● Very limited/no mobility outside para Wealthy and lower middle class women ● Purdah conscious Poor and very poor women ● Have large number of interactions and relations with extended kin and non kin inside and outside para ● Frequently go to nearby market ● Have interactions with outside service providers

  15. SHAHEBANI ZAHURA DISTANT KIN CLOSE KIN WITHIN HAMLET SOCIAL ECONOMIC Network Diagram of a Poor and a Rich Woman in Jalagari

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