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Britain before the Anglo-Saxons

After the Romans left to help defend the crumbling Roman empire in A.D. 410, Britain was open to 600 years of tribal fighting. Britain before the Anglo-Saxons. 3 Germanic tribes that took over Britain: Jutes Angles Saxons Tribal Culture: Crude Vigorous

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Britain before the Anglo-Saxons

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  1. After the Romans left to help defend the crumbling Roman empire in A.D. 410, Britain was open to 600 years of tribal fighting. Britain before the Anglo-Saxons

  2. 3 Germanic tribes that took over Britain: Jutes Angles Saxons Tribal Culture: Crude Vigorous Spoke harsh, guttural language called Old English Anglo-Saxon England

  3. Reflects harsh, humorless life Men: farmers and fighters Women: Inferior role and tried to keep family together Oral literature told in great halls, called mead halls, where kings and nobles entertained guests and celebrated successful battles Scop: professional singer who told stories Anglo-Saxon Literature

  4. Originally, Anglo-Saxons were polytheistic and worshiped the Old Norse Gods Missionaries from Europe gradually forced Christianity Monks copying down oral tales added Christian elements and themes Anglo-Saxon Religion

  5. Celebrated the values of the people: Fierce loyalty to kings Obedience to tribal laws Admiration for strength and cleverness in battle Anglo-Saxon Literature

  6. In A.D. 787, the Vikings invaded Britain and destroyed monasteries and the valuable literature maintained in them. The Death of Anglo-Saxon Life

  7. Beowulf is one of the most, if not the most famous work of Anglo-Saxon literature. The form we study dates from sometime between the eighth and tenth centuries – after the Anglo-Saxons’ conversion to Christianity. It focuses on a Geat prince named Beowulf, who triumphs over evil with his superior heroism and strength. Beowulf—an epic in Old English

  8. Oral Techniques: found in Beowulf • repetition • alliteration • kennings • metonymy • synecdoche

  9. Kennings • A poetic synonym; a type of metaphor made of compound or hyphenated words; a metaphorical expression used in place of a noun • Kennings have four forms: • Open Kenning: requires no punctuation • Example: wakeful sleeper • Hyphenated kenning: requires hyphen • Example: word-hoard • Possessive kenning: requires apostrophe • Example: mankind's enemy • Prepositional kenning: requires a preposition • Example: shepherd of evil

  10. Metonymy and Synecdoche • Metonymy: Name of one thing is substituted for the name of something else that most people would associate with the first thing; usually physically related • “Iron” for “Sword” • “Crown” for “king” or “monarchy” • Synecdoche: Substitute a part for the whole • “keel” for “ship” • “All hands on deck” • “Heads of cattle”

  11. Geat Danes Beowulf Grendel Scop Mead Hall guardian of crime wakeful sleeper Christian Hrothgar Herot Anglo-Saxon(s) Write a summary of the excerpt from Beowulf. Underline the following words as you use them.

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