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CONNECTIVE TISSUE (C.T.) The excitement is building! 

CONNECTIVE TISSUE (C.T.) The excitement is building! . ** Connects! ** MOST ABUNDANT TISSUE TYPE IN BODY!. FUNCTIONS OF C.T. Protects organs Supports organs Binds together body tissues. Characteristics of C.T. 1) VARY IN BLOOD SUPPLY Most are vascularized (have a blood supply)

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE (C.T.) The excitement is building! 

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  1. CONNECTIVE TISSUE (C.T.) The excitement is building! ** Connects! ** MOST ABUNDANT TISSUE TYPE IN BODY!

  2. FUNCTIONS OF C.T. Protects organs Supports organs Binds together body tissues

  3. Characteristics of C.T. 1) VARY IN BLOOD SUPPLY Most are vascularized (have a blood supply) Some exceptions: Tendons, ligaments, and cartilage are avascular (heal very slowly when injured!)

  4. Characteristics of C.T. continued 2) Have an extracellular matrix (ECM) – which is a collection of molecules found outside of the cells that provide structural support to the surrounding cells Matrix can be liquid, semisolid, or solid depending on tissue type and enables C.T. to withstand weight and stretching

  5. Collagen Fibers: • Large fibers of the connective tissue (C.T.) matrix made of the protein collagen and are typically the most abundant fibers; promote tissue flexibility

  6. Fibroblasts: • Secrete fibers and ground substance of the matrix of C.T.

  7. Mast cells: • Cells that release histamine and other substances during inflammatory and allergic reactions Mast cell – Allergies visual video clip

  8. Macrophages: • white blood cells that engulf and digest cellular debris and foreign substances in a process called phagocytosis

  9. Elastic fibers: • Branching fibers of the C.T. matrix made of the protein elastin; allow for stretch and recoil

  10. Blood vessels/blood cells: • Arteries, veins, and capillaries transport oxygen and carbon dioxide; red blood cells transport oxygen & white blood cells are immune system cells

  11. Adipocytes: • Fat cells that store energy as fat (lipids); this fat insulates the body

  12. Fill-in CONNECTIVE TISSUE CHART

  13. 1) LOOSE C.T. (AREOLAR) DESCRIPTION: Areola means small open space – most of the matrix of this tissue appears to be empty space FUNCTION: Wraps and cushions organs; holds internal organs together – acts as “glue” LOCATION: Around organs

  14. 2) ADIPOSE • DESCRIPTION: FAT cells • FUNCTION: is reserve “fuel” or energy, protects organ by cushioning them, and functions in insulation • LOCATION: Found around organs, under skin, within abdomen, in breasts

  15. 3) DENSE C.T. • DESCRIPTION: Collagen fibers in matrix give tissue flexibility, fibroblasts are cells that make the fibers • FUNCTION: tendons connect muscle to bone and ligaments connect bone to bone; they withstand stress when pulled • LOCATION: tendons, ligaments

  16. 4) HYALINE CARTILAGE • DESCRIPTION: Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant type of cartilage; (elastic cartilage is found in ear and nose) - One cell is called a chondrocyte • FUNCTION: supports and reinforces organs • LOCATION: looks glass-like and covers ends of bones at joints and in ribs

  17. 5) BONE • DESCRIPTION: Bone cells called osteocytes are in cavities called LACUNAE One large circle (unit of bone) is an OSTEON • FUNCTION: Osseous tissue has a very strong and hard matrix that protects internal organs and supports the body; provides levers for the muscles to act on • LOCATION: bones

  18. 6) BLOOD • DESCRIPTION: Contains blood cells! Red blood cells appear pink on the slide and white blood cells are purple The fluid matrix is called blood plasma • FUNCTION: transport for the circulatory system carrying nutrients and wastes • LOCATION: Throughout the entire body

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