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Marching Toward War. Chapter 13: The Great War Section 1. Learning Targets. I can identify the political and military forces at work in Europe in the late 1800’s. I can list the countries that made up the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance. I can summarize the events that set WWI in motion.
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Marching Toward War Chapter 13: The Great War Section 1
Learning Targets • I can identify the political and military forces at work in Europe in the late 1800’s. • I can list the countries that made up the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance. • I can summarize the events that set WWI in motion.
Some Background • Early 1900s • Militarism • Many European countries built up their militaries through help of Industrial Revolution • Alliances • Europeans created secret alliances to protect from neighbors that were stockpiling weapons • Nationalism • Many Europeans wanted to prove they were the best, even if that meant fighting
Some Background (cont’d) • Imperialism • Europeans would fight (compete) over taking new colonies • Assassination of Franz • When Austrian leader, Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated, it sets things in motion towards war • WWI was all about the MANIA
Rising Tensions in Europe • The 1900’s started out peacefully • Europeans were increasingly arguing over territories and superiority • Nationalism • They believed they had to have powerful militaries to protect their colonies and aggression from their neighbors • Imperialism • Militarism
Tangled Alliances • These tensions created a need for special alliances in case war broke out • Germany feared France • Germany united with Austria-Hungary and Italy • Known as Triple Alliance • Germany insults Russia • Russia unites with France and Great Britain • Known as the Triple Entente
Crisis in the Balkans • Europeans competed for colonies • One place was in the Balkans • Home to many different ethnic groups • Did not like Europeans controlling them • Some liked Russia though • Austria-Hungary (European) • Young leader, Franz, visits one of these territories in the Balkans • A Serbian assassin kills him and his wife • Austria declares war on Serbia, starting the war!
Europe Plunges into War Chapter 13: The Great War Section 2
Learning Targets • I can describe the reaction to Austria’s declaration of war. • I can summarize military events on the Western Front. • I can explain the development of the war on the Eastern Front.
Some Background • By 1914, two major alliances had formed • Triple Entente • France, Great Britain, Russia (allied with Serbia) • Triple Alliance • Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy • Once Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia… • Everyone honored their alliances, and war began
The Great War Begins • When Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia • Serbia’s ally, Russia, mobilized its forces on Austria and Germany’s borders • Before France could honor its alliance with Russia, Germany declared war on France • Soon Great Britain would honor its alliance with France and Russia by declaring war on Germany • Many believed the war would be quick • They were terribly wrong…
A Bloody Stalemate • The Western Front • Deadlocked region of Northern France • Germans had hoped to defeat the French and British quickly here, and focus on the Russians • This failed • Trench Warfare developed • Thousands died, and no one really advanced
The Battle on the Eastern Front • Border of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Germany • Russians and Serbs fought Austrians and Germans • A more mobile war • Russia invaded Germany and Austria • Soon would be pushed back • Russia tied up Germany on Eastern Front • But Russia couldn’t stay in the fight very long
