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This study explores the sexual aggressive and violent behavior of girls in a juvenile correctional facility. It examines prevalence, factors, and implications.
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sexual aggressive and violent behaviour of girls in a juvenile correctional facility Anne-Marie Slotboom VU University Amsterdam Jan Hendriks De Waag, Center for Forensic Treatment Edinburgh ESC 2008
Why this study? • Hendriks (2006) – girls as sexual offenders: explorative study • Krahe e.a. (2003) – women’s sexual aggression against men • Hendriks & Slotboom (2007) – Girls as sexual offenders: a different category? Edinburgh ESC 2008
Explanations sexual offending girls • Heterogeneous group, no typology • Both aggressive and sexual component • Similarities background serious delinquent girls Edinburgh ESC 2008
PREVALENCE Arrests of persons under 18 in the Netherlands 1994-2003: 65 girls send to public prosecutor for sex offences Edinburgh ESC 2008
“Brenda is a 16-year-old girl, who, together with a girlfriend, forced a peer (Chantal) to experience sexual acts. Brenda had a fight with Chantal about a cell phone which Chantal would have stolen from Brenda. Chantal denied the accusations en refused to pay compensation. Brenda then made an appointment with Chantal and an older girlfriend to talk things over. During this meeting Chantal was beaten and kicked by the older and taller Brenda and her friend. They also tried to set Chantal's hair on fire. When Chantal didn’t want to pay for the stolen cell phone, they threatened her to undress herself, while putting out their cigarettes on her body. After that she was forced to lay down and had to allow Brenda putting twigs in her vagina.” Edinburgh ESC 2008
PREVALENCE self reports Less differences between boys and girls Sexual offenders (international studies) – 5-8% of juvenile sex offenders is a girl large dark number Edinburgh ESC 2008
KRAHE –sexual aggression • 248 young women (15-24 years) • sexually aggressive strategies • Unwanted sexual contact • Physical force • Exploitation of the man’s incapacitated state • Verbal pressure • Prevalence – 10% Edinburgh ESC 2008
Prevalence and background of sexually aggressive behaviour of girls • Study – • Self report, criminal behaviour, sexual aggressive behaviour, traumatic life events • (low, medium and) high risk group • 8 Juvenile correction centres • 146 boys (M=16,9 years) 208 girls (M= 16,3 years) Edinburgh ESC 2008
Heb je weleens iemand tegen zijn/haar wil tot seksueel contact gedwongen (of dit geprobeerd), waarbij je hem/haar lichamelijk bedreigd hebt of mishandeld? (Bijvoorbeeld door vasthouden, slaan of vastbinden, bedreigen met lichamelijk geweld of bedreigen met een wapen.) • Nee (ga verder naar de volgende pagina) • Ja, (kruis het hokje aan dat op jou van toepassing is, je mag meerdere hokjes aankruisen) • … mijn (ex-)vriend: • geprobeerd gedaan • zoenen, op seksuele wijze aanraken • neuken (geslachtsverkeer) • pijpen, beffen (orale seks) • anders (b.v. aftrekken of vingeren) • ………………………………………………………………………………………………....... Edinburgh ESC 2008
FIRSTS IMPRESSIONS (1)sexual aggression ♂ ♀ • Physical force 16% 6% • Exploitation of incapacitated state 11% 5% • Verbal pressure 10% 2% Total 19% boys and 8% girls used sexually aggressive strategies Most with (ex) friend or a familiar person Edinburgh ESC 2008
FIRST IMPRSSIONS (2)violent offences Total group – sex. agress. persons ♂ ♀ (n=120) (n=192) • Something stolen using violence** 54% 23% • Threatening someone 55% 58% • Hurting someone with weapon* 60% 46% • Beating without injuries 62% 64% • Beating with injuries* 79% 69%** p < .01 * p < .05 Edinburgh ESC 2008
FIRST IMPRSSIONS (3)violent offences Sexual aggressive group ♂ ♀ (n=26) (n=16) • Something stolen using violence 39% 50% • Threatening someone 54% 67% • Hurting someone with weapon 57% 50% • Beating without injuries* 46% 82% • Beating with injuries 65% 81%** p < .01 * p < .05 Edinburgh ESC 2008
FIRST IMPRESSIONS (4) • Total group – sex. aggres. persons ♂ ♀ • Sexually abused by family** 8% 23% • Sexually abused by friend** 2% 38% • Sexually abused by unknown*** 3% 33% • Physical force by family** 43% 63% • Physical force by friend 21% 34% • Physical force by unknown 36% 32% • Violence between parents* 33% 48% • Violence between other family members* 27% 46%*** p < 001 ** p < .01 * p < .05 Edinburgh ESC 2008
FIRST IMPRESSIONS (5) • Sexually aggressive group ♂ ♀ • Sexually abused by family* 12% 27% • Sexually abused by friend** 13% 82% • Sexually abused by unknown* 17% 40% • Physical force by family 26% 36% • Physical force by friend 33% 36% • Physical force by unknown* 25% 46% • Violence between parents 30% 64% • Violence between other family members* 17% 36%*** p < 001 ** p < .01 * p < .05 Edinburgh ESC 2008
Preliminary conclusions • Sexual aggression by girls happens but to a small degree • Strategy: physical force • Background girls more severe than boys • Sexually aggressive girls more often sexually abused than other girls Edinburgh ESC 2008