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(Formal Commands)

Los Mandatos Formales. (Formal Commands). Formal Commands.

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(Formal Commands)

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  1. Los Mandatos Formales (Formal Commands)

  2. Formal Commands We use commands to give instructions or to ask people to do things. In Spanish, commands have different forms to distinguish between formal (usted/ustedes) and informal (tú/vosotros) address. Formal commands use subjunctive forms, with the implied meaning that the speaker is trying to influence the listener to do something.

  3. Formal Commands We might make a simple statement to communicate a fact. Juan speaks French well, so we tell him so. Juan, Ud. habla bien el francés. It’s very nice that Juan speaks French, but we are in Madrid! So we tell him . . . Por favor, Juan, hable Ud. español. Commands are used (both politely and otherwise) to persuade others to do our bidding. We are trying to get Juan to do something that we want him to do.

  4. To form an affirmative formal command, substitute the –o of the present tense yo form of a verb with an • -e for –ar verbs • -a for –er and –ir verbs. Make the plural (Uds) command by adding the letter -n to the singular formal command.

  5. Formal Commands As mentioned, formal commands are based on subjunctive forms. Notice the following chart: Infinitive Subjunctive Formal commands Ud. Uds. hablar hable hable hablen pensar piense piense piensen comer coma coma coman saber sepa sepa sepan escribir escriba escriba escriban ir vaya vaya vayan pedir pida pida pidan

  6. Formal Commands Of course, the same six (DISHES) verbs are irregular with command forms as they are in the subjunctive. dé, den Dar  Ir  Ser  Haber  Estar  Saber  vaya, vayan sea, sean haya, hayan esté, estén sepa, sepan

  7. Formal Commands Following are examples of formal commands: Hable con su agente de viajes. Speak to your travel agent. Despida a ese empleado, Sr. Ruiz. Fire that employee, Mr. Ruiz. Salgan pronto de la oficina. Leave the office soon. Piensen antes de hablar. Think before speaking.

  8. Formal Commands Negative commands are formed by placing no in front of the command form. No llegue tarde. Don’t arrive late. No dén propinas a todos los empleados. Don’t give tips to all of the employees.

  9. Formal Commands Subject pronouns may be used with commands for emphasis or clarification. As a rule, they are placed after the verb. Piense usted. You think. No se preocupen Don’t you worry.

  10. Formal Commands Object pronouns follow and are attached toaffirmative commands and precedenegative commands. Affirmative commands with pronouns attached require a written accent. ¡Váyase de aquí! Leave here! Tráiganmelo, por favor. Bring it to me, please. No se levante, señorita. Don’t get up, miss. No se lo muestre al jefe. Don’t show it to the boss.

  11. FIN

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