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An explanation of Formal Commands in Spanish

An explanation of Formal Commands in Spanish. ¡Hazlo!. Commands in English… . … are pretty easy. You just use a base verb form (without a subject, since it’s always “you”) to tell people what they should do: Stand up! Sit down! Do your homework! Take out the garbage! Be quiet!.

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An explanation of Formal Commands in Spanish

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  1. An explanation of Formal Commands in Spanish ¡Hazlo!

  2. Commands in English… … are pretty easy. You just use a base verb form (without a subject, since it’s always “you”) to tell people what they should do: • Stand up! • Sit down! • Do your homework! • Take out the garbage! • Be quiet!

  3. Commands in Spanish… … are little more complicated because we have so many ways of saying “you”: • Tú: informal, singular • Vosotros: informal, plural • Ud.: formal, singular • Uds.: formal, plural • However, we will concentrate on the formal commands only.

  4. -AR verbs Hable despacio, por favor. • The speaker is talking to one person. • Can you figure out how we got the form “hable”? • Take the “yo” form of the present: HABLO • Drop the –o: HABL- • “Hablar” is an –AR verb, so add –E to form the command:HABLE

  5. Drop & Swap!

  6. -ER/-IR Verbs Repita, por favor. • The speaker is talking to one person. • Can you figure out how we got the form “repita”? • Take the “yo” form of the present: REPITO • Drop the –o: REPIT- • “Repetir” is an –IR verb, so add –A to form the command:REPITA

  7. Drop & Swap!

  8. Opposite vowels • Think of the verb adding the “opposite vowel” • AR verbs add an –E. • ER & IR verbs add an –A.

  9. Let’s try a couple! • Comer: ¡______ Ud.! • Escribir: ¡_____ Ud.! • Tomar: ¡_____ Ud.! • Beber: ¡______ Ud.!

  10. More than one person? Uds… • Coman Uds. la paella. Right! Just add an –N to the command form when you are talking to more than one person.

  11. Let’s try a few more! • Comer: ¡______ Uds.! • Escribir: ¡_____ Uds.! • Tomar: ¡_____ Uds.!

  12. Some irregulars…¿Qué pasa? • Haga la tarea. ~hacer=to do • Hacer > yo hago > -o + -a • Tenga paciencia. ~tener=to have • Tener > yo tengo > -o + -a • Salga ahora.~ salir=to leave • Salir > yo salgo > - o + -a • Vuelva a casa.~volver=to return • Volver > yo vuelvo > -o + -a • Piense bien.~pensar=to think • Pensar > yo pienso > -o + -e These verbs follow the same formula: start with the yo form, drop the –o, and add the opposite vowel.

  13. En la cocina, use the FORMAL SINGULAR COMMAND FORMS  Usted Cocinar- to cook, Cocine Medir-to measure, Mida Agregar-to add, Agregue Freír-to fry, Fría Hervir-to boil, Hierva Romper-to break, Rompa Hornear-to bake, Hornee Batir- to beat, Bata Combinar-to combine/to blend, Combine Mezclar-to mix, Mezcle Picar-to chop, Pique Cortar-to cut, Corte Cubrir-to cover, Cubra

  14. Ahora, traduzcan usando los mandatos formales…. 1.Blend a cup of milk! = __________________________ 2. Beat two eggs! = __________________________ 3. Boil three cups of water! = __________________________ 4. Cut the chicken! = __________________________ 5. Bake the cake! = __________________________

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