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Early 18c Europe-mid 19 th Century: Agricultural Revolution and Industrial Revolution

Early 18c Europe-mid 19 th Century: Agricultural Revolution and Industrial Revolution. By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY and Ms. Snyder of CCHS. Medieval or Traditional Society. Farming During the Middle Ages --Fallow Disadvantages. Village Farming.

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Early 18c Europe-mid 19 th Century: Agricultural Revolution and Industrial Revolution

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  1. Early 18c Europe-mid 19th Century: Agricultural Revolution and Industrial Revolution By: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY and Ms. Snyder of CCHS

  2. Medieval or Traditional Society • Farming During the Middle Ages • --Fallow • Disadvantages

  3. Village Farming

  4. “Summer” by Pieter Brueghel the Younger (1622)

  5. Agricultural Revolution Enclosure Movement

  6. “Enclosed” Lands Today

  7. Crop Rotation Oats/Barley Turnips Alfalfa/Clover Wheat

  8. Crop Rotation Turnips Wheat Oats/Barley Alfalfa/Clover

  9. 18cPopulationGrowthRate

  10. Cottage Industries and Early Capitalism

  11. Cottage Industries: (aka The “Putting-Out” System or the Domestic System)

  12. Cottage Industries:

  13. The Textile Industry and Factory System

  14. Textile Industry Invented 1. New Inventions

  15. Spinning Yarn Before

  16. After “Spinning Jenny” James Hargreaves (1767)

  17. John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle” 1733 Weaving 28 Sec

  18. Richard Arkwright: The Water Frame – 1768 “Pioneer of the Factory System” Water Frame – 2 min

  19. The Power Loom Edmund Cartwright (1785)

  20. The Cotton Gin: Eli Whitney (1793) Effect of the CG

  21. Textile Industry Invented 2. Rise of the Factories

  22. Textile Industry Invented 2. Rise of the Factories • Machines became larger, faster, more expensive, and needed more power • Concentrates production in one place [materials, labor]. • Located near sources of power [rather than labor or markets]. • Requires a lot of capital investment [factory, machines, etc.] morethan skilled labor.

  23. 3. Effects of the textile factories in Britain

  24. Textile FactoryWorkers in England

  25. The Factory System • Rigid schedule. • 12-14 hour day. • Dangerous conditions. • Mind-numbing monotony.

  26. Division of Labor Division of labor is a process whereby the production process is broken down into a sequence of stages and workers are assigned to particular stages.

  27. ASSEMBLY LINE Manufacturing process in which parts are added to a product in a sequential manner to create a finished product much faster.

  28. Ransom E. Olds • 1st to bring the assembly line to the automotive industry

  29. FORD MOTOR COMPANY ADDED THE CONVEYOR BELT IN 1908

  30. Interchangeable Parts • Identical pieces that could be made to fit in any identical device • Eli Whitney- made 10 guns for US military (1798)

  31. LOWELL, MA

  32. CHANGES IN TRANSPORTATION

  33. James Watt’s Steam Engine

  34. Steam Tractor

  35. Steam Ship (1776)

  36. The Steam Locomotive Richard Trevithick The London Steam Carriage

  37. An Early Steam Locomotive

  38. The Impact of the Railroad

  39. Crystal Palace: The Great Exhibition: 1851 Exhibitions of the new industrial utopia.

  40. Crystal Palace: Interior Exhibits

  41. Crystal Palace:British Ingenuity on Display

  42. The "Haves": Bourgeois Life Thrived on the Luxuries of the Industrial Revolution

  43. 19c Bourgeoisie: The Industrial Middle Class

  44. Stereotype of the Factory Owner

  45. “Upstairs”/“Downstairs” Life

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