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Chapter 25 part 2 Industry Comes of Age 1865-1900

Chapter 25 part 2 Industry Comes of Age 1865-1900. January 12 , 2012 AP US With help from Ms. Susan M. Pojer. Effects on the South. By 1900 the South was producing a smaller % of the nation’s manufactured goods than before the war Plantation system was either sharecropping or serfdom

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Chapter 25 part 2 Industry Comes of Age 1865-1900

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  1. Chapter 25 part 2 Industry Comes of Age 1865-1900 January 12, 2012 AP US With help from Ms. Susan M. Pojer

  2. Effects on the South

  3. By 1900 the South was producing a smaller % of the nation’s manufactured goods than before the war Plantation system was either sharecropping or serfdom The only thing that helped southern agriculture was the machine made cigarette Gilded Age Southern Industry

  4. South faced unfairness in pricing from railroads Treated South like a 3rd world nation from which the North would get raw materials and send manufactured goods Pittsburgh Plus pricing system made it cost even more to ship Birmingham Steel Gilded Age Southern Industry

  5. The South did begin to build textile mills to process their own cotton This fed off of impoverished Southerners who were cheap labor willing to be paid 1/2 of the wages of their northern counterparts Gilded Age Southern Industry

  6. Changes Brought by Industry

  7. Great change occurred in America at this time: Increased standard of living More physical comforts Urbanization Leisure time (though not much if you were a factory worker!) Disappearance of Jeffersonian ideals Disappearance of truly free enterprise Time became important - work schedules The Impact of the New Industrial Revolution on America

  8. Women were the most affected group White collar jobs opened up because of inventions Typewriter: stenographer and secretary Telephone: operators “hello girls” Realities of work for women Later marriages Smaller families Most worked the same long hard hours as men for less pay for the same work The Impact of the New Industrial Revolution on America

  9. Ideas of the new woman: The Gibson Girl Athletic and healthy Refined yet feisty Educated and fulfilled But not a suffragette! The Impact of the New Industrial Revolution on America

  10. Class division 2/3 of all workers depended on wages by 1900 By 1900 10% of the people controlled 90% of the wealth The nouveau riche also flaunted their wealth which was a source of both envy and disgust to the working people The Impact of the New Industrial Revolution on America

  11. The Changing American Labor Force

  12. Child Labor

  13. Child Labor

  14. “Galley Labor”

  15. Labor Unions

  16. Labor Unrest: 1870-1900

  17. The Molly Maguires(1875) JamesMcParland Irish Coal Miners’ Union in Pennsylvania

  18. The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: PinkertonAgents

  19. Management vs. Labor “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labor • “scabs” • P. R. campaign • Pinkertons • lockout • blacklisting • yellow-dog contracts • court injunctions • open shop • boycotts • sympathy demonstrations • informational picketing • closed shops • organized strikes • “wildcat” strikes

  20. A Striker Confronts a SCAB!

  21. Organized in 1866 and lasted 6 years 600,000 members: skilled, unskilled, and farmers Discriminated against Chinese, Blacks, and Women Therefore the Colored National Labor Union formed Fought for the 8-hour day and arbitration of disputes Hurt by bad economy of 1870’s National Labor Union

  22. Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly An injury to one is the concern of all!

  23. Knights of Labor Knights of Labor trade card

  24. Goals of the Knights of Labor • Eight-hour workday. • Workers’ cooperatives. • Worker-owned factories. • Abolition of child and prison labor. • Increased circulation of greenbacks. • Equal pay for men and women. • Safety codes in the workplace. • Prohibition of contract foreign labor. • Abolition of the National Bank.

  25. Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886

  26. Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

  27. Haymarket Martyrs

  28. Governor John Peter Altgeld

  29. The American Federation of Labor: 1886 An actual federation of local unions. No worker could join the actual AFL AFL unified overall strategy Samuel Gompers

  30. How the AF of L Would Help the Workers • Catered to the skilled worker. • Represented workers in matters of national legislation. • Maintained a national strike fund. • Evangelized the cause of unionism. • Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. • Mediated disputes between management and labor. • Pushed for closed shops.

  31. Effects of Strikes on Labor Membership

  32. Protests in Urban Sweatshops - Shirtwaist Companies

  33. Average Shirtwaist Worker’s Week

  34. Womens’ Trade Union League

  35. Women Voting for a Strike!

  36. Local 25 with Socialist Paper, The Call

  37. Public Fear of Unions/Anarchists

  38. Arresting the Girl Strikersfor Picketing

  39. Scabs Hired

  40. The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, March 25, 1911

  41. “The Shirtwaist Kings”Max Blanck and Isaac Harris

  42. Triangle Shirtwaist FactoryAsch Building, 8th and 10th Floors

  43. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

  44. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

  45. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

  46. Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910

  47. Inside the Building After the Fire

  48. Most Doors Were Locked

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