1 / 48

The New Monarchs

Explore how the New Monarchs, such as Ferdinand and Isabella, embodied Roman leadership ideas and united Spain. Learn about their efforts to establish law and order, enlist the support of the middle class, and make use of Roman law. Discover the challenges they faced, like the War of the Roses and the threat of the Protestant Reformation.

geasley
Download Presentation

The New Monarchs

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The New Monarchs

  2. Objectives: • You will be able to identify how the New Monarchs embodied the ideas of Roman leaders • In what ways did Ferdinand and Isabella united Spain?

  3. The New Monarchs were not the first kings, of course. But these new monarchs—who lived around the same time—offered their countries a guarantee of law and order

  4. They incorporated the will and welfare of the people They enlisted the support of the merchants and middle class They went a long ways in establishing European Nation-States The New Monarch made use of Roman law

  5. The New Monarchs came into power after a previous period of instability and warfare

  6. The Inventions of Gunpowder , the pike and longbow made it possible for Kings to be less dependent on Knights on horseback

  7. Now, Kings could hire mercenaries to supplement their armies. They did not have to give concessions to the powerful nobles.

  8. After the Hundred Years War, England was troubled by the War of the Roses 1455-1487 The War was over different families wanting to take the throne One was the House of Lancaster, and the other York. Both had legitimate claims to the throne

  9. The Red Rose was for Lancaster, and the White was for York

  10. Henry VII finally gained power. He married Elizabeth of York, and the houses were united

  11. Henry passed laws prohibiting nobles from having their own armies He created the Star Chamber to settle disputes—but he was the ultimate authority

  12. Over time, the Star Chamber became a symbol of absolute authority

  13. Henry VII always felt uneasy about his claim to the throne His son, Henry VIII, knew that it was necessary that he, too, have a son to prevent civil war

  14. This is why his son, Henry VIII, would end up with six wives, in his effort to gain a son—something we will learn about shortly

  15. In France, there was Louis XI“The Spider” • He was called “The Spider” for his manipulative ways • With force, cunning, and diplomacy, he brought order to France

  16. He subdued the nobles and made their territories part of France

  17. When Cardinal Balue defied Louis, he was sentenced to live in a cage

  18. Ferdinand and Isabella

  19. Ferdinand of Aragon married Isabella of Castile in 1469. Now there would be a united kingdom of Spain They toured their regions and promoted the unity of the Catholic Church in Spain

  20. They completed the Reconquista, or conquering of the Moors • The Moors, Spanish Muslims, were expelled from Spain

  21. They provided financial support for Columbus’ voyage in 1492

  22. They also expelled the Jews in 1492

  23. Their goal was to create a “Pure Catholic” Spain • A Spain without Jews or Muslims

  24. The Spanish Inquisition begins

  25. There will be other inquisitions. The term inquisition will come to mean the Catholic Church’s “clamping” down on a certain religious group, a country, or an individual

  26. Crusade against Protestants Crusade against Jews Crusade against Muslims Crusade again South American Indians Spain was the land of the crusade

  27. The National character of Spain and the Catholic church become one

  28. All these crusades gave Spain a common cause, but also a reputation as being closed off, forbidding, and backward

  29. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor • He lived after the time of the New Monarchs—but he represents a new monarch in the area of Germany and Eastern Europe

  30. Ferdinand and Isabella were his maternal grandparents Charles V’s mother was “Crazy Juana,” who kept her husband’s body with her for years after he died

  31. He inherited lands from all his grandparents • Such was his influence, that we will refer to him throughout this course as simply “The Emperor”

  32. The Emperor

  33. He was a Hapsburg because that was his paternal Grandfather’s name

  34. Years of Genetic inbreeding produced a misshapen jaw that would be known as the Hapsburg Jaw

  35. Charles V faced many threats in his lifetime • The Hungary was invaded by the Turks, and faced defeat at the battle of Mohacs in 1526

  36. Charles also faced the emerging Protestant Reformation

  37. He tried in vain for 35 years to preserve the unity of his Hapsburg lands

  38. He retired to a monastery and died, after dividing his Kingdom between his son and brother

More Related