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commands

commands. How to boss people around in Spanish. Commands: English. Commands mean that you’re telling someone to do something Check out the difference: A) You eat your veggies regularly B) Eat your veggies regularly. Which one is a command?. Commands: English.

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commands

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  1. commands How to boss people around in Spanish

  2. Commands: English • Commands mean that you’re telling someone to do something • Check out the difference: • A) You eat your veggies regularly • B) Eat your veggies regularly. • Which one is a command?

  3. Commands: English • Look at the following examples. How do we form commands in English? • You read a lot of books. • Read a lot of books. _________________________ • You don’t eat meat. • Don’t eat meat.

  4. Commands: English • Look at the following examples. How do we form commands in English? JUST TAKE AWAY THE SUBJECT! This is your first step in Spanish too!

  5. Commands: In General • Please note: These are “tú” commands!!! They are NOT to be used for Ud. or Uds.; they have different conjugation endings! • Ask yourself if you’re using a positive or negative command: • They use different endings too!

  6. Affirmative vs. Negative Eat read don’t smell Don’t talk speak run Roll over don’t pee on the rug Don’t bark fetch be good

  7. Discover for Yourself • Can you see the pattern? Cantar  ¡canta! Vivir ¡Vive! Barrer el suelo  barre el suelo!

  8. Step by Step:Affirmative tú commands Step 1: Drop the “r”,(same as the él/ella form!) Step 2: Make sure there’s no subject pronoun Example: Barre el suelo =  Túbarre el suelo = 

  9. Irregulars (p. 282) • Spanish just wouldn’t be a language if it didn’t have irregulars  • Decir  di hacer  haz • Ir  ve poner  pon • Salir  sal ser  sé • Tener ten venir  ven

  10. Ms. Hyman’s Trick A trick for remembering irregular affirmative commands: Think of Vin Diesel. Vin Die-sel has ten vayponsay. Ven Di Sal Haz Ten Ve Pon Sé

  11. Negative Commands: english • To make negative commands means to tell some NOT to do something. • In English, we just put the word “Don’t” in front of the verb: Don’t run!

  12. Negative commands: Spanish • In Spanish, it’s not that easy • You need to learn new endings to tell someone NOT to do something, AND add “no” before the verb: • ¡No barras el suelo!

  13. Negative commands: Spanish • Can you come up with the right pattern based on what you see? Barrer No barras el suelo Abrir  No abras la ventana Lavar  No laves los platos

  14. Negative commands: Spanish • Can you come up with the right pattern based on what you see? Barrer  No barras el suelo Abrir  No abras la ventana Lavar  No laves los platos BUT!... Check this: Tener  No tengas

  15. Negative tú commands:The Steps • Step 1: CONJUGATE THE VERB TO THE “YO” FORM • Step 2: Remove your –o endings • Step 3: Add the opposite tú ending • For –ar verbs, the ending will be –es • For –er/-ir verbs, you’ll have –as • Step 4: Add “no” in front of verb: Cerrarcierrocierresnocierres

  16. What are “Opposite Endings”? • Think of the regular present tense endings for tú for –ar &-er/–ir verbs: -ar = -as; -ir/-er = -es Just do the OPPOSITE ending!; switch them! For negative commands, the –ar ending is –es; the –er/-ir ending is -as

  17. Putting the steps together • Let’s say “Don’t leave!” (from salir) • Step 1: yo-form • Salir  salgo

  18. Putting the steps together • Let’s say “Don’t leave!” (from salir) • Step 1: yo-form • Salir  salgo • Step 2: Remove the -o • Salgo  salg

  19. Putting the steps together • Let’s say “Don’t leave!” (from salir) • Step 1: yo-form • Salir  salgo • Step 2: Remove the -o • Salgo  salg • Step 3: Add ending • Salg  salgas

  20. Putting the steps together • Let’s say “Don’t leave!” (from salir) • Step 1: yo-form • Salir  salgo • Step 2: Remove the -o • Salgo  salg • Step 3: Add ending • Salg  salgas • Step 4: Add “no”! • Salgas  No salgas… DON’T LEAVE!!!

  21. Don’t skip step 1!!!!!!!! • The path for the verb salir: salirsalgosalgsalgasnosalgas If we skip step one, and just add the right ending, look where we end up: Salir salas  no salas… and that’s not right!!!!!!!!

  22. Don’t skip step 1!!!!!!!! • Irregular negatives: • Ir (“Don’t go!”) = no vayas • Ser (“Don’t be ____”)= no seas • Estar (“Don’t be ____”) = no estés • Dar (“Don’t give ___”)= no des

  23. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el césped • Abrir la puerta • Limpiartucuarto • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  24. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el céspedno cortes el… • Abrir la puerta • Limpiartucuarto • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  25. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el céspedno cortes el… • Abrir la puertanoabras la… • Limpiartucuarto • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  26. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el céspedno cortes el… • Abrir la puertano abras la… • Limpiartucuartono limpies… • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  27. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el césped no cortes el… • Abrir la puerta no abras la… • Limpiar tu cuarto no limpies… • Traer el regalo no traigas… • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  28. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el céspedno cortes el… • Abrir la puertano abras la… • Limpiartucuartono limpies… • Traer el regalono traigas… • Decir el secretono digas el… • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  29. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el céspedno cortes el… • Abrir la puertano abras la… • Limpiartucuartono limpies… • Traer el regalono traigas… • Decir el secretono digas el… • Hacer la cama no hagas la… • Salir de mi casa

  30. ¡Practica!:Make Negative commands • Cortar el céspedno cortes el… • Abrir la puertano abras la… • Limpiartucuartono limpies… • Traer el regalono traigas… • Decir el secretono digas el… • Hacer la cama no hagas la… • Salir de mi casa no salgas de mi

  31. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basura • Abrir la puerta • Limpiartucuarto • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  32. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basurasaca la basura • Abrir la puerta • Limpiartucuarto • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  33. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basurasaca la basura • Abrir la puertaabre la puerta • Limpiartucuarto • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  34. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basurasaca la basura • Abrir la puertaabre la puerta • Limpiartucuartolimpia • Traer el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  35. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basura saca la basura • Abrir la puerta abre la puerta • Limpiar tu cuarto limpia • Traer el regalo trae el regalo • Decir el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  36. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basurasaca la basura • Abrir la puertaabre la puerta • Limpiartucuartolimpia • Traer el regalotrae el regalo • Decir el secretodi el secreto • Hacer la cama • Salir de mi casa

  37. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basurasaca la basura • Abrir la puertaabre la puerta • Limpiartucuartolimpia • Traer el regalotrae el regalo • Decir el secretodi el secreto • Hacer la camahaz la cama • Salir de mi casa

  38. ¡Practica!:Make Affirmative commands • Sacar la basurasaca la basura • Abrir la puertaabre la puerta • Limpiartucuartolimpia • Traer el regalotrae el regalo • Decir el secretodi el secreto • Hacer la camahaz la cama • Salir de mi casa sal de mi casa

  39. Review: object pronouns • Direct Object pronouns • Me = me Us = nos • Tú = te • Him/Her = lo/la Them = los/las

  40. Placement • Though you may attach object pronouns to the ends of progressives (-ando/-iendo) or infinitives (puedo irme); you can ALWAYS place them… where?

  41. Placement • Though you may attach object pronouns to the ends of progressives (-ando/-iendo) or infinitives (puedo irme); you can ALWAYS place them… where? • BEFORE THE CONJUGATED VERB! • La estoy comiendo; me puedo ir

  42. The one exception • What is the one exception to this “before the conjugated verb” rule? When is it NECESSARY to attach pronouns to the end?

  43. The one exception • What is the one exception to this “before the conjugated verb” rule? When is it NECESSARY to attach pronouns to the end? • AFFIRMATIVE (POSITIVE) COMMANDS! • Wash your hair = Lávate la cabeza

  44. Attaching object pronouns: Positive commands • Wash the plates: • Lava los platos • Wash them! (The plates) • ¡Lávalos! • Attach the correct pronoun to the end of the word • Use an accent mark to maintain the original stress of the word

  45. irregulars Irregulars take objects attached to the end, too, BUT!: They DON’T take accents. Just like the preterite! No accents on irregular! Do it = hazlo Tell me! = ¡dime!

  46. Attaching object pronouns:Negative commands • With negative commands, you put the pronoun BEFORE the verb; This should seem NORMAL! • Don’t wash them (the plates) • ¡No los laves! • A trick in remembering this is that Spanish rarely ever has an ‘s’ followed by ‘l’, so “no laveslos” should look strange to all of us.

  47. Comparison • Pos. commands • Use 3rd. Sg. End • Corre • Vive • Toma • Pronouns ATTACH at end, with accents: • ¡Tómala! • Neg. commands • Use opposite end • -ir/-er:-as. no vivas • -ar: -es. No tomes • Pronouns BEFORE • No los tomes • No me toques • No las esperes • No te laves el pelo

  48. No mÁs ¡Terminamos! 

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