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Binary Acid Nomenclature

Binary Acid Nomenclature. Binary acids contain hydrogen and one other element. To name a binary acid, the prefix hydro- and the suffix -ic are added to the root name for the nonmetal and the word acid is added. The ending of the name (anion) is modified by using the suffix - ic.

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Binary Acid Nomenclature

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  1. Binary Acid Nomenclature • Binary acids contain hydrogen and one other element. • To name a binary acid, the prefix hydro- and the suffix -ic are added to the root name for the nonmetal and the word acid is added. • The ending of the name (anion) is modified by • using the suffix -ic. • HCl is hydrochloric acid (HCl(aq)) when • hydrogen choride (HCl(g)) is dissolved in • water.

  2. HI is hydroiodic acid (HI(aq)) when • hydrogen iodide (HI(g)) is dissolved • in water. • H2S is hydrosulfuric acid (H2S(aq)) • when hydrogen sulfide (H2S(g)) is • dissolved in water.

  3. Oxoacid Nomenclature • There are three elements found in a ternary • acid, two of which are hydrogen and oxygen. • To name an oxoacid (also called oxyacids or • ternary acids), the hydrogen is not named but • rather look at the polyatomic anion and • change its -ate name to an -ic acid or its -ite • name to an -ous acid. • LiNO3 is lithium nitrate and HNO3 is nitric • acid.

  4. LiNO2 is lithium nitrite and HNO2 is • nitrous acid. • Take note that the -ate suffix for the salt • becomes the -ic suffix for the acid and the -ite • suffix becomes the -ous suffix for an acid. • Oxoacids containing a halogen use the • additional prefixes per- and hypo-. • In a halogen family, the prefix per- is • added to the name of the oxoacid with • the most oxygens.

  5. In a halogen family, the prefix hypo- is • added to the name of the oxoacid with • the fewest oxygens. • HClO4 is per-chlor-ic acid. • HClO3 is chlor-ic acid. • HClO2 is chlor-ous acid. • HClO is hypo-chlor-ous acid. • Bromine and iodine form similar oxoacids and • salts as chlorine and follow the same naming • conventions.

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