Monday May 5 th , 2014

1. Monday May 5th , 2014 Goal:10.8.3 Explain in detail the events that led to victory in Japan In-class: 16.4 Victory in Japan Notes, Begin Homework Reflection #6 : Atomic Bomb Do you think President Truman should have dropped the atomic bomb on Japan? Explain why/not. Homework: 16.5 Section Assessment pg. 517 #1-8

2. Pop Quiz • What was the name of the secret project that was creating the first atomic bomb? • What were kamikazes? • Who was Harry S. Truman? • Why did the advisors decide the use of the bomb was a good (or necessary) idea?

3. 16.4 Allied Victory in the Pacific: Part II Ms. Wyatt Spring 2014

4. Japanese in Retreat • After Allied victory in Guadalcanal the Japanese advances had been stopped • Allies move to retake the Philippines in late 1944 • Oct. 1945—Battle of Leyte Gulf leaves Japanese navy damaged • Kamikazes—Japanese suicide pilots; sink Allied ships by crash diving their planes into them • March 1945—U.S. forces capture Iwo Jima, an island 750 miles from Tokyo • June 1945—U.S. takes Okinawa, 350 miles from southern Japan • One of the bloodiest land battles of the war • Japanese lose 100,000 & Americans lose 12,000

5. Japanese Surrender • Truman’s advisors estimate half a million could be lost in an invasion of Japan • Atomic bomb is the alternative to bring war to quickest end possible • Manhattan Project—secret program to develop the bomb • August 6, 1945—dropped on Hiroshima ; 80,000 dead • August 9, 1945—dropped on Nagasaki; 70,000 dead • September 2, 1945— V-J Day; Japanese surrender to MacArthur on the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay

7. Iwo Jima

8. Iwo Jima

9. Okinawa

10. Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima Uranium bomb Fat man dropped on Nagasaki Plutonium bomb

11. Hiroshima

12. Nagasaki

13. Gen. MacArthur & Gen. Wainwright watch Gen. Umezu sign surrender document

14. Wednesday May 7, 2014 Goal: 10.8.6 Discuss the human cost of war & describe the destruction in Europe & Japan In-class: 16.5 Europe & Japan in Ruins Notes, Finish Hiroshima Video Reflection #6 : Atomic Bomb Do you think President Truman should have dropped the atomic bomb on Japan? Explain why/not. Homework:Work on study guide & organize binders Test & binder check on Friday!!

15. 16.5 Europe & Japan in Ruins Ms. Wyatt Spring 2014

16. Devastation in Europe • 40 million dead & cities reduced to rubble • Displaced people were trying to get back home • No water or electricity & lack of food • Transportation systems ruined • Factories damaged or destroyed so people had no jobs or money

17. A milkman still does his deliveries in London after a bombing

18. Postwar Government & Politics • Europeans often blame leaders for war, so there were changes in governments • Old fascist governments in Germany, Italy, and Japan disappeared • Communist party in Italy & France promised change & gathered followers, but declined after they staged a series of violent strikes

19. Nuremburg Trials • International Military Tribunal representing 23 nations gathered in Nuremburg, Germany • 22 surviving Nazi leaders were put on trial for “crimes against humanity” • Many others had already committed suicide • October 16, 1946—12 of the 22 sentenced to death • Hanged & cremated at the same concentration camps where their victims were killed

21. Postwar Japan • 2 million dead & major cities in ruins • U.S. Army occupied Japan under Gen. MacArthur • Began a process of demilitarization—breaking down the Japanese armed forces • Democratization—creating a government elected by the people • Japan became a constitutional monarchy

22. Changes in Japan • New constitution gave power to the Japanese people • Anybody over 20 (including women) could vote • Bill of Rights protected freedoms • legislators were elected & chose a Prime Minister to serve as Japan’s version of a president • Article 9 forbade Japan to ever make war unless attacked first • Sept. 1951—U.S. & 48 other nations sign peace treaty with Japan & ended the occupation • Starts a partnership between U.S. & Japan