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Mining removes rocks and minerals that contain useful metals from the Earth’s crust.

Discover how mining extracts useful metals from the Earth's crust through drilling, explosions, crushing, and processing. Witness large surface excavations and underground mines in action. Learn the lifecycle of mines and their closure process.<br>

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Mining removes rocks and minerals that contain useful metals from the Earth’s crust.

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  1. Mining removes rocks and minerals that contain useful metals from the Earth’s crust. Image: G. Plumlee, USGS Metals-2-1

  2. Many mines are large surface excavations. Image: Kennecott Utah Copper Co. Metals-2-2

  3. Some mines are underground. Image: US Bureau of Mines Metals-2-3

  4. Drilling cuts holes in metal-bearing rock where explosives can be placed. Metals-2-1

  5. Explosions - or blasts - break metal-bearing rock into blocks and fragments. Image: US Bureau of Mines Metals-2-5

  6. Metal-bearing rock broken by blasting is hauled to a crusher. Image: US Bureau of Mines Metals-2-6

  7. Crushed metal-bearing rock - most pieces smaller than a baseball - is ready for processing that removes metals. Image: Kennecott Utah Copper Co. Metals-2-7

  8. All mines eventually deplete their valuable metal-bearing rock and close. Image: Kennecott Utah Copper Co. Metals-2-8

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