KINGDOM: Animalia, DOMAIN: Eukarya

1. KINGDOM: Animalia, DOMAIN: Eukarya

2. Description:Animals are heterotrophs that are multicellular and do not have cell walls.

4. Description (cont.) • They are all multicellular • They are all eukaryotes. • They do not have cell walls!. • Most can move at some stage of their life. • Most reproduce sexually; some can reproduce asexually, too. • Require oxygen.

5. Most habitats world wide Where do Animals Live? • Common Examples: Coral, sea star, jellyfish, insects, lobsters, cats, dogs, whales, sharks, snakes, eagles, frogs

6. Animals are all heterotrophs, but have a variety of diets and methods of eating. Mode(s) of Nutrition • They can be carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, detritivores (eat/decompose dead materials), filterfeeders, predator, prey, symbiotic relationships (parasite/host)

7. Those that reproduce asexually are usually simpler animals in the invertebrate groups. All animals reproduce sexually and some can also reproduce asexually.

8. Classified by: Type of symmetry, type of embryo development, presence/absence of vertebrae, mode of nutrition, and specialized structures for respiration, excretion, circulation and movement.. • Vertebrates = have a backbone • - 5% • 2. Invertebrates = have no backbone • 95%

9. Types of Symmetry Bilateral Symmetry Radial Symmetry Can be divided into similar left and right halves that form mirror images of each other. Can be divided along any plane, into roughly equal halves. Ex. Sea Star Asymmetry Irregular Body Shape Often sessile organisms Ex. sponges

10. Trends in Evolution of Kingdom Animalia • Complex animals have a high level of cell specialization, internal structures, front end/head with sensory organs and a body cavity • Cell Specialization = separate roles for each type of cell in multicellular organisms • 2. Animals with cephalization, have the brain and their sense organs toward the front / anterior aspect of the body • Allows them to respond quicker

11. Embryo Development • Most develop from a single fertilized egg called a zygote. • 2 Stages of developmentBlastula- single layer of cells around a fluid-filled space.Gastrula- structure made of two cell layers Blastula Development Gastrula Development

12. Protostome: (from the Greek: first the mouth) An animal whose mouth is formed from the blastopore (opening in the gastrula) Most invertebrates Deuterostome: (from the Greek: "second mouth" ) An animal whose anus is formed from the blastopore, mouth formed second Ex. Echinoderms and all vertebrates Protostome vs Deuterstome

13. Tissue (Germ) Layers and what the become in the animal ENDODERM = innermost germ layer • Becomes: lining of digestive tract and much of respiratory system ECTODERM = outermost germ layer • Becomes: sense organs, nerve and outer layer of skin MESODERM = middle germ layer • Becomes: muscles, circulatory system, reproductive and excretory systems

14. Invertebrate Groups by Phylum Animals Main Groups and Examples

15. Invertbrates

16. Invertebrates (cont.)

17. Invertebrates (Cont.)

18. Chordata Phylum and Subphyla Animals Main Groups and Examples

19. Vertebrate Examples Tunicates & Lancelets Invertebrate ancestor Lancelets Tunicates

20. Subphylum Vertebrata

21. Food – we eat animals and animal products Ex. Beef, pork, chicken, turkey, rabbit, fish, shellfish, crustaceans, Dairy products, eggs, honey How Animals Help Man • Beasts of labor – donkey, oxen, water buffalo, elephants • Make products from them – leather, medicines (leech anticoagulants and anesthetics), decorative items (Shells, pearls, feathers), silk • Protection – guard dogs

22. Animals can be parasites of man and our livestock or crops: tapeworm, flukes, roundworms, ticks. Mites Some damage our property: termites, wool moths, barnacles on boats Some invade our homes: mice, squirrels, rats, all kinds of insects and spiders How Animals Hurt Man

23. Special Roles in Ecosystems: Most animals have a unique niche in their habitat. -Ex: They may be in predator/prey relationships -Ex: Pollinators of crops or flowers