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Creating an Empire, 1865-1917

Creating an Empire, 1865-1917. The USS Maine, sunk in Havana, 1898. Opening Moves. Monroe Doctrine Guano Islands Act (1856) France and Mexico. Seward’s Folly. Seward’s Ambitions. Alaska: $7.2 million Midway Failures: Caribbean Canada Greenland Panama Canal Zone. Further Steps.

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Creating an Empire, 1865-1917

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  1. Creating an Empire, 1865-1917 • The USS Maine, sunk in Havana, 1898

  2. Opening Moves • Monroe Doctrine • Guano Islands Act (1856) • France and Mexico

  3. Seward’s Folly

  4. Seward’s Ambitions • Alaska: $7.2 million • Midway • Failures: • Caribbean • Canada • Greenland • Panama Canal Zone

  5. Further Steps • Samoa (1878) • James G. Blaine • First International American Conference (1889) • Pan American Union • Naval Growth

  6. Motives for Imperialism • Social Darwinism -- John Fiske • Strategic Concerns--Alfred Thayer Mahan • Macho Idiocy--Theodore Roosevelt • Altruism • Missionairies

  7. Economic Reasons • The US needs new markets to grow • 1844--China • 1854--Japan • 1865-1900: Exports up by 900% • Depression of the 1890s

  8. Hawaii • 1875: Free Trade and Sugar • 1887: Pearl Harbor • 1890: End of Sugar Tariff • 1891: New Queen • 1893: Sugar Interest American Coup • Cleveland • 1898

  9. Venezuela • Venezuela-British Guiana Boundary Dispute • 1895--Sec. Of State Richard Olney • 1897--Arbitration

  10. Spanish American War

  11. Spanish American War: Lead-Up • Cuba and Civil War • Yellow Journalism • US Neutrality • 1897 Arbitration offer • The Maine Explodes (Feb 15, 1898) • Response • Teller Amendment

  12. Spanish-American War • Manila Bay -- May 1, 1898 • Recruitment • Invasion • July 1-3 • Treaty of Paris

  13. The Phillipines • Mark Twain • Phillipine Revolt (1899-1913) • Phillipine Self-Government

  14. Caribbean Aftermath • Puerto Rico • Insular Cases • Cuba • Platt Amendment • Protectorate • 1906-1917: 3 Interventions

  15. China, Japan, Russia • The Open Door • The Russo-Japanese War (1905) • Treaty of Portsmouth (1905) • Trouble with Japan

  16. Walk Softly and Carry a Big Stick

  17. Roosevelt and Panama • Canal Plans • Purchase Fails • The Coup • Construction: 1904-14 • End of Yellow Feaver • Roosevelt Corollary (1904)

  18. Dollar Diplomacy

  19. Dollar Diplomacy • Lodge Corollary • China • Caribbean • Nicaragua • Haiti • Dominican Republic

  20. Porfirio Diaz (1876-1911)

  21. Mexico and Civil War • Porfirio Diaz (1876-1910) • President Francisco Madero (1911-3) • US Intervention (Henry Cabot Lodge and Victoriano Huerta) • Veracruz • Pancho Villa • Black Jack Pershing’s Raid--1916

  22. “I can never be anything else but an American, and I must think of the United States first, and when I think of the United States first in an arrangement like this I am thinking of what is best for the world, for if the United States fails, the best hopes of mankind fail with it.” -- Henry Cabot Lodge

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