US Economic Imperialism in Latin America

1. US Economic Imperialism in Latin America

2. Monroe Doctrine- the policy, stated by President Monroe in 1823, that the United States opposed future interference and colonization of independent nations in the western hemisphere by European nations Spanish American War- A war between the United States and Spain in 1898 Panama Canal- a ship canal 40 miles long across the isthmus of Panama built by the United States from 1904 to 1914 Roosevelt Corollary- a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the US might intervene in the affairs of an American republic threatened by seizure by a European country Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna- A Mexican political and military figure who tried to crush the Texan revolt. In the Mexican War he lost several major battles to General Zachary Taylor Benito Juarez- the president of Mexico from 1857 to 1872 La Reforma- a period halfway through the 19th century in Mexico characterized by liberal reforms and the transformation of Mexico into a nation state Porfirio Diaz- a Mexican soldier and politician who became president after a coup in 1876 and governed the country until 1911. Francisco Madero- a politician, writer, and revolutionary, who served as president of Mexico from 1911 to 1913 Francisco “Pancho Villa”- a Mexican Revolutionary General Emiliano Zapata- a leading figure in the Mexican revolution who formed and commanded the liberation army of the South terms

3. Industrial nations wanted the agricultural and mineral products that were plentiful in Latin America Foreign merchants and bankers used railroads as a way of opening up the interior of this region to development The money, engineers, and building materials for these projects came from either Europe or the United States Latin American political elites encouraged the foreigners as a way of gaining industrialization in their country Europeans did not take territory in Latin America because the governments of these countries already provided the political backing for the economic moves of the Europeans and Americans Through the Spanish American War, the United States gained Puerto Rico and allowed Cuba to become an independent country but interfered intensely with its affairs The United States occupied several small countries in Latin America at different times The United States also intervened in Panama so that they could build a canal linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans Imperialism in Latin America

4. Political elites in Latin America were happy with the intervention of Europeans and Americans because it was a way of bringing industrialization to their country without having to pay for it and organize it themselves Most people in these countries remained poor The Cubans rebelled against Spanish rule under the leadership of Jose Marti, leading to the Spanish American War, which eventually led to Cuban independence Response To Imperialism

5. Latin American countries gained railroad systems and increased industrialization that came with it Europeans and Americans opened up the interior of these countries to development, which allowed them to gain agricultural and mineral products from these countries American investments in Cuban agriculture were protected by the intervention of the United States in the Spanish American War Pros of ImpErialism

6. Native poor did not benefit from the railroad boom in their countries The poor, corrupt, and unstable governments of Latin American countries were taken advantage of as they borrowed money for public works from foreign banks, and were not able to pay back the money. This led to foreign intervention and interference The United States occupied many small Latin American countries under the pretext of preserving order Cons of Imperialism

7. By trying to industrialize, the governments of Latin American nations only made themselves worse off financially, which made them easy to manipulate By trying to industrialize, leaders in Latin American nations made it harder for these countries to industrialize by bankrupting the economies Because the people hired to build and operate the new railroads and technologies were foreign, few people in Latin American countries benefitted The Panama canal allowed for easy and quick movement of ships between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans Effects of Imperialism

8. This map shows the political boundaries of Latin America today.