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R2D2 on the Blend: A Galaxy of Online Learning Style Ideas and Blended Learning Examples (Part II: Learning Styles and Motivation). Curt Bonk, Professor, Indiana University President, SurveyShare, Inc. cjbonk@indiana.edu http://php.indiana.edu/~cjbonk http://SurveyShare.com.
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R2D2 on the Blend: A Galaxy of Online Learning Style Ideas and Blended Learning Examples(Part II: Learning Styles and Motivation) Curt Bonk, Professor, Indiana University President, SurveyShare, Inc. cjbonk@indiana.edu http://php.indiana.edu/~cjbonk http://SurveyShare.com
But how might blended learning address student learning styles?
Why Address Learning Styles? • Promotes reflection on teaching • Move from just one mode of delivery • View from different viewpoints • Offer variety in the class • Might lower drop-out rates • Fosters experimentation
Kolb (1984) • According to Kolb, effective learning involves four phases: • from getting involved (Concrete Experience) to • listening/observing (Reflective Observation) to • creating an idea (Abstract Conceptualization) to • making decisions (Active Experimentation). • A person may become better at some of these learning skills than others; as a result, a learning style develops.
Active Experimentation vs. Reflective Observation • (AE) - I often produce off-the-cuff ideas… • (RO) - I am thorough and methodical. • (AE) - I am flexible and open minded. • (RO) - I am careful and cautious. • (AE) - I am loud and outgoing. • (RO) - I am quite and somewhat shy.
Abstract Conceptualization vs. Concrete Experiences • (AC) - I am rational and logical. • (CE) - I am practical and down to earth. • (AC) - I plan events to the last detail. • (CE) - I like realistic, but flexible plans. • (AC) - I am difficult to get to know. • (CE) - I am easy to get to know.
Index of Learning Styles Questionnaire Barbara A. Soloman, North Carolina State Univhttp://www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html
1. Read 4. Do 2. Reflect 3. Display
The R2D2 Method • Read (Auditory and Verbal Learners) • Reflect (Reflective Learners) • Display (Visual Learners) • Do (Tactile, Kinesthetic, Exploratory Learners)
Auditory and verbal learners prefer words, spoken or written explanations. 1. Auditory or Verbal Learners
1c. Reflection Papers (3-4 page) • Learning journeys • Team reflection papers • Trends in field papers • Chat with expert reflections • Job application papers • Personal learning theory • PMI, Pros and Cons, Muddiest pt
1d. Guest Expert Chats • Find article or topic that is controversial • Invite person associated with that article (perhaps based on student suggestions) • Hold real time chat • Pose questions • Dscuss and debrief (i.e., did anyone change their minds?) (Alternatives: B. Email Interviews with experts; C. Assignments with expert reviews)
1e. Synchronous Meetings and Expert Guest Chats/Mentoring (SmartMeeting)
1f. Synchronous Testing & Assessment(Giving Exams in the Chat Room!, Janet Marta, NW Missouri State Univ, Syllabus, January 2002) • Post times when will be available for 30 minute slots, first come, first serve. • Give 10-12 big theoretical questions to study for. • Tell can skip one. • Assessment will be a dialogue. • Get them there 1-2 minutes early. • Have hit enter every 2-3 sentences. • Ask q’s, redirect, push for clarity, etc. • Covers about 3 questions in 30 minutes.
1i. Read and React to Documents in Foreign Language (Fraser & Liu, IU) • Have students receive e-newsletters from a foreign magazine as well as respond to related questions.
Reflective and observational learners prefer to reflect, observe, view, and watch learning; they make careful judgments and view things from different perspectives 2. Reflective and Observational Learners
2f. Conferences with Live Video Feeds(Internet Time Group, 6/23/03 http://www.internettime.com/visual/gallery6.htm)
2g. Watch Expert Performances Online(Music, Cyber Fashion Shows, etc.)
Visual learners prefer diagrams, flowcharts, timelines, pictures, films, and demonstrations. 3. Visual Learners
3a. Videostreamed Lectures and Expert Commenting (download before class or listen if missed) • Video streaming subscription services will take off in the next several years, according to a new study, which estimates that the market's value will reach $4.5 billion in 2007(Sept 23, 2003, Stephanie Olsen, CNet News.com).
3b. Visual Understanding Environment (VUE) project from Tufts
3c. Flash Visuals and Animations(e.g., Statistics, Cash Flow, etc.)eCollege Wales, Univ. of Glamorgan
3f. Narration with Virtual Tour of Trip Mark Fennell, June 5, 2003, North Pole(Pictures, maps, movies, audio)
Tactile/kinesthetic senses can be engaged in the learning process are role play, dramatization, cooperative games, simulations, creative movement and dance, multi-sensory activities, manipulatives and hands-on projects. 4. Tactile/Kinesthetic Learners
4c. Learner Content Interaction:Business & Healthcare Examples (Option 6)
4d. Online Simulations and Resources: Manipulate Variables in Chemistry
4f. Posting Oral Histories, Interviews, and Perspective Sharing Have learners relate the course material to a real-life experience. Example: In a course on Technology & Culture, students freely shared experiences of visiting grandparents on rural farms.
What have you mastered? • Definitely Will Use: _______________ • May Try to Use: __________________ • No Way: ________________________
Intrinsic Motivational Terms? • Tone/Climate: Psych Safety, Comfort, Belonging • Feedback: Responsive, Supports, Encouragement • Engagement: Effort, Involvement, Excitement • Meaningfulness: Interesting, Relevant, Authentic • Choice: Flexibility, Opportunities, Autonomy • Variety: Novelty, Intrigue, Unknowns • Curiosity: Fun, Fantasy, Control • Tension: Challenge, Dissonance, Controversy • Interactive: Collaborative, Team-Based, Community • Goal Driven: Product-Based, Success, Ownership