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Matter

Matter. Atoms, Periodic Table, States of Matter, Density. What Is Matter?. Anything that has mass and takes up space Matter has physical properties and chemical properties What are some examples of matter?. What are the smallest parts of matter?. Matter is made up of atoms

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Matter

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  1. Matter Atoms, Periodic Table, States of Matter, Density

  2. What Is Matter? • Anything that has mass and takes up space • Matter has physical properties and chemical properties • What are some examples of matter?

  3. What are the smallest parts of matter? • Matter is made up of atoms • Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons

  4. Model of an Atom Neutron (neutral) Proton (+) Electron (-)

  5. Elements • Atoms make up elements • The type of element depends on the atomic number, or the number of protons it has • Most elements occur naturally, but some have to be created in a lab

  6. Periodic Table • Elements are organized on the Periodic Table according to atomic number and properties of the element

  7. Structure of Matter • Atoms make up elements, elements make up matter • If elements have combined together, they have formed a compound • Compounds “stick” together because of bonds that form between the atoms

  8. Structure of Matter • 2 or more atoms are combined together with bonds • Can be one or more types of atoms • Examples- H2, CO2

  9. Structure of Matter • A mixture is made of two or more substances (elements or compounds or both) that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined. • Examples-Dirt, Kool-aid

  10. Bonds • There are 2 main types of bonds • Covalent: this means the atoms share electrons, like water • Ionic: this means the atoms are together because of negative and positive charges…opposites attract. Salt is an example of an ionic bond.

  11. States of Matter • Matter occurs as either a solid, liquid, or gas • Matter can change from one form to another • Evaporation, condensation, melting, freezing, sublimation

  12. Solids • Fixed volume and shape • Particles cannot move past each other • Rigid-particles locked into place

  13. Liquids • Fixed volume, shape compressible • Particles can move past each other • Assumes the shape of part of the container • Little free space between particles

  14. Gases • Assumes the shape and volume of its container • Lots of free space between particles • Compressible

  15. Movement of Particles • The particles in matter are constantly moving • The move faster or slower depending on the heat energy of the matter • Solids have particles that move slow, gases have particles that move very fast

  16. Mini-Quiz!!! • Describe the differences between an element, a molecule, a compound, and mixture. • How do compounds stay together? • Draw diagrams of the 3 states of matter.

  17. Mass How much matter something is made of

  18. Volume How much space something takes up.

  19. Density How tightly packed the particles in a substance are. Density = Mass/Volume!

  20. Which object has the greater density?

  21. Which state of matter is the most dense?

  22. Practice Problems • 1.Mass=10g Volume=1mL • 2.Mass=400g Volume=10cm3 • 3.Volume=9mL Mass=54g • 4.Length=2cm Width=4cm Height=5cm Mass=80g • 5.Sides of a cube=10cm Mass=50g • 6.Mass=50g Volume=25mL • 7.Volume=1cm3 Mass=786g • 8.Length=1cm Width=5cm Height=5cm Mass=100g

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