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China in the 18 th Century

China in the 18 th Century. Prosperity and security Strong emperors Grand cultural projects Expansion of the empire. Achievements. Expansive empire Xinjiang, Mongolia and Tibet all ruled through own systems Tibet System of rule by incarnations. Cultural projects Four Treasuries

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China in the 18 th Century

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  1. China in the 18th Century • Prosperity and security • Strong emperors • Grand cultural projects • Expansion of the empire

  2. Achievements • Expansive empire • Xinjiang, Mongolia and Tibet all ruled through own systems • Tibet • System of rule by incarnations

  3. Cultural projects • Four Treasuries • Palace art collection • General prosperity • population growth • Building projects • Foundling homes

  4. Underlying Problems • Chinese-Manchu relations and court factions • Assimilation of Manchus • Privileged position of Manchus in terms of court appointments

  5. Education and the exam system • Increasing wealth so more people fail the exams • Growth of scholarship outside the exam system • More people outside the bureaucracy competing with it

  6. Finances • Promise never to raise taxes • No regular source of income for local government • White Lotus rebellions • Small and quickly defeated, but quite frequent

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