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You Make Me Want to Jump. Leadership. Leadership. Influence. Change. People. Leaders-Followers. Organizational Objectives. Big 5 Model of Personality. Surgency Agreeableness Adjustment Conscientiousness Openness to Experience. Conclusions of Big 5.
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Leadership Leadership Influence Change People Leaders-Followers Organizational Objectives
Big 5 Model of Personality Surgency Agreeableness Adjustment Conscientiousness Openness to Experience
Conclusions of Big 5 • Universal application • Many organizations use the “Big 5 Model of Personality Traits” • Leaders should know their type • Best predictor of job performance is Conscientious Dimension
Flexibility Intelligence Good Leaders High Energy Locus of Control Stability Dominance Sensitivity to Others Integrity Confidence
Leadership Styles • Active Leadership Styles • Autocratic • Bureaucratic • Coercive • Transactional • Transformational • Passive Leadership Style • Laissez-Faire
Autocratic/Authoritarian • Classical Approach • Manager retains all power and decision making • No input from followers • Followers obey • Structure set of rewards and punishments • Examples: Military, School, Prision
Bureaucratic • Management “By the Book” • Follow procedures strictly • Any questions about procedures are referred to next level • Example: Organizations that are funded by State money
Democratic/Participative • Employees encouraged to be part of decision making • Employees are kept informed • Leader becomes a coach • Can produce high quality/quantity of work • Employees motivated because of satisfaction
Coercive • Leader has authority to punish and withhold rewards • Good leaders use this power as a last resort • May be only way to gain compliance from members • Most effective when applied to a small percentage of followers
Transactional • Motivates followers by appealing to self-interest • Uses the exchange process to meet goals • May encourage leader to adapt their style to meet expectations of followers • Relationships aren’t meaningful • Work is not creative
Transformational • Leaders are charismatic and visionary • All members have ownership of organization • Can inspire followers to transcend own self-image • More strongly correlated with lower turnover rates, higher productivity, & higher employee satisfaction
Laissez-Faire • Hands Off Leadership Style • Little or no direction provided by leader • Employees have large amounts of freedom • Employees must determine goals, make decisions, and resolve own issues
Reminders in selecting a style • People are motivated by reward and punishments • Social systems work best with a clear chain of command • Employees generally want to be told what to do