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Islam Crusades

Arabian/Islamic Impact

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Islam Crusades

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    1. Islam & Crusades Intro Islam Arab World Muhammad (570?-632) Religion of Islam Expansion Crusades Why? What? Conclusion Key Terms Koran Five Pillars of Islam Jerusalem Pope Urban II Indulgences

    2. Arabian/Islamic Impact… Irrigation - increased agricultural production Mathematics: Numbering System: Arabic Numerals replaced cumbersome Roman Numerals “Algebra” comes from Arabic word “Al-jabar” included in a math book from 820 AD

    3. Arab World Many were nomads & herded sheep and camels; other specialized in trade. Outsiders tried to conquer Arabs, but were unable. Mecca was an important city.

    4. Muhammad (570?-632) Born about 570 AD and grew up in Mecca. After marriage, he became a social activist. Received revelations from the angel Gabriel eventually included in the Koran. In 622 he moved from Mecca to Medina and became VERY influential, spreading the word of Islam.

    5. Five Pillars Of Islam Creed/Faith: The belief there is only one God (Allah); Muhammad is the prophet of Allah. Prayer: Five times per day believers must wash and purify themselves, face Mecca, and pray. Almsgiving: All should contribute money to the poor/needy. Fast: between daylight until nightfall during the month of Ramadan. Pilgrimage: to Mecca during one’s lifetime.

    6. Islam, Judaism, Christianity All worship the same God (the God of Abraham). Much of the Old Testament, including prophets Abraham & Moses, are accepted (Muslims & Jews don’t accept Jesus as the Savior). The belief in charity to the poor/weak. Jerusalem is an important city. Jews: land of Abraham; promised by God. Christians: land of Jesus’ ministry. Muslims: where Muhammad ascended to heaven.

    7. Following Muhammad’s Death Islamic world grew and covered more territory than the old Roman Empire at its height.

    8. Crusades A series of wars fought between Christians and Muslims. Access to and control of Jerusalem was one key cause.

    9. Pope Urban’s Call If they decide to fight, what will they receive?

    10. Crusades (1100-1200) 1st Crusade: 1097-1099 Christians regain control of Jerusalem. 2nd Crusade: 1147-1149 Muslims recapture Jerusalem. 3rd Crusade: 1189-1192 Draw: Muslims retain control of Jerusalem but allow access to the city.

    11. Indulgences Money paid to the Church to help the war effort. Why pay this money? If a person gave the Church money, sins were forgiven and a place in heaven was secured.

    12. Islam & Crusades Intro Islam Arab World Muhammad (570?-632) Religion of Islam Expansion Crusades Why? What? Conclusion Key Terms Koran Five Pillars of Islam Jerusalem Pope Urban II Indulgences

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