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The European Middle Ages

The European Middle Ages. The Early Middle Ages: Germanic Kingdoms Unite under Charlemagne. What Happened to Rome??.

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The European Middle Ages

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  1. The European Middle Ages

  2. The Early Middle Ages:Germanic Kingdoms Unite under Charlemagne

  3. What Happened to Rome?? • By the end of the 5th century, Germanic invaders had destroyed the Roman Empire…

  4. What Happened to Rome?? • The Impact of Invasion: • Disruption of Trade • Downfall of Cities • Population Shifts • Decline of Learning • Loss of Common Language

  5. What Happened to Rome?? • BUT, there was one institution that survived the fall of Rome…

  6. The CHURCH!!

  7. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge

  8. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge • Between AD 400 & 600 small Germanic Kingdoms replaced large Roman provinces • What impact did these small kingdoms have on government?

  9. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge • In GAUL, a Germanic people called the FRANKS held power • Influential Frankish Ruler: • Clovis

  10. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge • CLOVIS: • Converted to Christianity • Gained support of the Church in Rome • United Franks into one kingdom

  11. Europe & the Muslim World

  12. Europe & the Muslim World • 622: The development of Islam… • The Muslims built a huge empire & began to overrun Christian lands

  13. Europe & the Muslim World • Battle of Tours (732): • Frankish ruler, Charles Martel defeated a Muslim raiding party from Spain

  14. Europe & the Muslim World • Important victory for European Christians • Made Charles Martel a Christian hero

  15. The Family Tree • Charles Martel • Martel’s SON: • Pepin the Short • Pepin’s SON: • CHARLEMAGNE (Charles the Great)

  16. Charlemagne

  17. Charlemagne’s Empire • Empire included: • 2/3 of Italy • All of present day France • Small part of Spain • All of German Saxony

  18. Charlemagne, the Hero? • Spread Christianity through his conquestof other lands • AD 800 – Pope Leo III called Charlemagne to Rome in order to crush an unruly mob • SUCCESS!!!

  19. Charlemagne, the Hero? • In gratitude, the Pope crowned Charlemagne & called him the “Roman Emperor”

  20. Charlemagne, the Hero? • Significance? • A Christian Pope crowned a German king as the successor to the Roman Emperors • Legitimized Charlemagne’s rule over the former Roman Empire

  21. Charlemagne, the Hero? • Revived the ideal of a UNITED CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY • Also paved the way for future power struggles between Roman Catholic Popes and German Emperors

  22. Charlemagne’s Accomplishments • Government: • Appointed nobles to rule over local regions • STRONG, EFFICIENT & ORDERLY!

  23. Charlemagne’s Accomplishments • Learning: • Wanted to make a “second Rome” in Aachen • Revived Latin learning (Greek & Roman)

  24. Charlemagne’s Accomplishments • Curriculum included grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, music & astronomy • Became the EDUCATIONAL MODEL for Medieval Europe

  25. Charlemagne’s Heirs • A year before his death, Charlemagne crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious, as emperor

  26. Charlemagne’s Heirs • Louis was an INEFFECTIVE leader, but had 3 sons: • Lothair, Charles the Bald & Louis the German • Fought for control of the empire…

  27. Charlemagne’s Heirs • Civil War ended in 843 with the TREATY OF VERDUN • Divided Charlemagne’s Empire into 3 Kingdoms

  28. Charlemagne’s Legacy • Despite the breakdown of the empire, Charlemagne left a lasting legacy… • Extended Christian civilization into N. Europe

  29. Charlemagne’s Legacy • Further blended Greek, Roman & Christian traditions • Educational model • Strong, efficient gov’t – example for later medieval rulers

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