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The Five Kingdoms

The Five Kingdoms. Life Science Standards of Learning LS.2, LS.3, LS.5, LS.9. Susanne Elam Nottoway Middle School. Standards of Learning. LS.2 The student will investigate and understand that all living things are composed of cells. Key concepts include:

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The Five Kingdoms

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  1. The Five Kingdoms Life Science Standards of Learning LS.2, LS.3, LS.5, LS.9 Susanne Elam Nottoway Middle School

  2. Standards of Learning LS.2 The student will investigate and understand that all living things are composed of cells. Key concepts include: a) cell structure and organelles; and b) similarities and differences between plant and animal cells. LS.3 The student will investigate and understand that living things show patterns of cellular organization. Key concepts include: a)  cells, tissues, organs, and systems; and b) life functions and processes of cells, tissues, organs, and systems.

  3. Standards of Learning • LS.5 The student will investigate and understand that living things show patterns of cellular organization. Key concepts include: • the distinguishing characteristics of kingdoms of organisms. • LS.9 The student will investigate and understand interactions among populations in a biological community. Key concepts include: • a) the relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers in food webs.

  4. Classification of Organisms • Scientists place organisms into different categories based upon the features that they have in common.

  5. Classification of Organisms • The most basic category of organisms is called a kingdom. • Most scientists divide organisms into five major kingdoms.

  6. Types of Cells • There are two main types of cells: Prokaryotic cells are ones that do not have a well-defined nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are those that have a nucleus with a nuclear membrane.

  7. Prokaryotic Cells • All organisms with prokaryotic cells are unicellular, or composed of only one cell. • They belong to the kingdom of Monera.

  8. Kingdom Monera • Monerans include all bacteria and one type of algae: blue-green algae. • There are two • types of bacteria: • Archaebacteria • and Eubacteria.

  9. Kingdom Monera • Archaebacteria are an ancient line of bacteria that live in extreme environments such as hot thermal vents. • Eubacteria, or “true • bacteria,” can be either • harmful or helpful to • other organisms.

  10. Kingdom Monera Click on the picture of the bacteria to see a video clip about the kingdom Monera.

  11. Eukaryotic Cells • All other organisms that are not in kingdom Monera contain eukaryotic cells. • They can be either unicellular or multicellular (contain many cells).

  12. Kingdom Protista • Eukaryotic organisms with just one cell belong to the kingdom Protista. • Examples of protists are amoebas, euglenas, paramecia, and diatoms.

  13. Kingdom Protista • There are also a few multicellular organisms in the Protist kingdom. • These are slime molds or algae (seaweed) whose cells are arranged as colonies but are not specialized to serve different functions.

  14. Kingdom Protista Click on the picture of the diatoms to see a video clip about the Protist kingdom.

  15. Multicellular Organisms • The final three kingdoms contain organisms that are truly multicellular. • They all have different types of cells that each perform special functions and work together to keep the organism alive.

  16. Kingdom Plantae • The members of the Plant kingdom are all producers. • This means that they can make their own food through the process of photosynthesis.

  17. Kingdom Plantae Click on the picture of the tree in order to see a video clip about the plant kingdom.

  18. Kingdom Fungi • The members of the Fungus kingdom are all decomposers that use spores to reproduce. • Some examples are mold, mildew, and mushrooms.

  19. Kingdom Fungi Click on the picture of the yeast to see a video clip about the Fungi kingdom.

  20. Kingdom Animalia • The members of the Animal kingdom are all consumers. • This means that they get their food from other organisms by eating them.

  21. Kingdom Animalia Click on the picture of the vampire bat to see a video clip about the Animal kingdom.

  22. Now Let’s Review!

  23. Unicellular organisms contain only one cell. Multicellular organisms are made of many cells. Cellular Organization

  24. Prokaryotic cells: cells that do not have a nuclear membrane around the DNA Eukaryotic cells: cells that have a true nucleus containing the genetic material The Two Types of Cells

  25. Unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic = KINGDOM MONERA Unicellular organisms that are eukaryotic = KINGDOM PROTISTA Unicellular Kingdoms

  26. ALL multicellular organisms contain eukaryotic cells. Multicellular producer= KINGDOM PLANTAE Multicellular Kingdoms

  27. Multicellular consumer= KINGDOM ANIMALIA Multicellular decomposer= KINGDOM FUNGI Multicellular Kingdoms

  28. The Five Kingdoms • Click on the diagram to access a notes page that can be printed out for your notebook.

  29. Sources • Video clips: www.unitedstreaming.com Biology: The Science of Life: The World of Living Things: Characteristics of the Five Kingdoms of Living Things, United Learning, 2001. • Images: www.acnatsci.org/kids/drawingdiatoms/ www.anatomia.sote.hu/oktatas/metszet/ www.animals.timduru.org/dirlist/bird www.apsnet.org/photos www.aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu/guide/bacecoli.jpg

  30. Sources (continued) www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsbitesize/img www.biores-irl.ie/biozone/images/ www.bioweb.wku.edu www.colostate.edu/plants/images/slimemold.jpeg www.contexo.info/DNA_basics/nucleus.htm www.courtneyrenee.com/catprofiles/wildcats.htm www.csiro.au/images www.davidwyatt.me.uk/photos www.dlwc.nsw.gov.au/ www.ecotao.com/holism/glosoz.htm

  31. Sources (continued) www.goodgulf.com/yeast.html www.hawcc.hawaii.edu/laurab/generalbotany/images www.helgo.net/emma/biologi/volvox.jpg www.hort.purdue/edu/ext/senior/fruits/images www.howardforums.com/archive.topic www.marianopolis.edu/bio-nya/ www.microbe.org/espanol/microbes/protists.asp www.microscopyu.com/moviegallery/pondscum www.microview.org.uk/pages/NL www.moldbacteria.com/ryebread2.gif www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/five_kingdoms.htm

  32. Sources (continued) www.ots.duke.edu/pages/laselva41_jpg www.propools.com/products/ponds/ecosystem.htm www.pshm.org/clinical_tidbits.shtml www.richard-seaman.com/fungus/USA www.shef.ac.uk/aps/images www.skoool.co.uk/lgfl/ www.sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/ www.students.ncwc.edu/bio101/bacteria www.sun.menloschool.org/ www.telescope.livjm.ac.uk/Help/Bugzilla www.therion.dna.uba.ar/bmei/horarios.htm

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