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1.7 The history of Computer Networking and the Internet

1.7 The history of Computer Networking and the Internet. 20 minutes of joy with Patric and Andreas. The switching 60’s. Telephone. Telephone network is the dominating communication network Used circuit switching . Computer communication. Short bursts of information

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1.7 The history of Computer Networking and the Internet

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  1. 1.7 The history of Computer Networking and the Internet 20 minutes of joy with Patric and Andreas

  2. The switching 60’s

  3. Telephone Telephone network is the dominating communication network Used circuit switching

  4. Computer communication • Shortbursts of information • Long inactivity periods • Packet switching • Moresuitable for this type of communication • More robust

  5. ARPAnet • Advanced Research Projects Agency at MIT • The first packet switchingnetwork • IMP (Interface message processor) installed at • UCLA • UC Santa Barbara • Stanford • Univ. of Utah

  6. The 70’s

  7. 1972: • ARPAnet is nowconsistent of 15 nodes • The first host-to-hostprotocol • NCP (Network Control Protocol) enablesapplications to be written • First e-mail program

  8. New networksemerging… • ALOHAnet • Enabling communication over microwaves between the Hawaiian Islands. • Telenet • Commercial packet switching network based on ARPAnet’s technology • Cyclades • French packet switching network • IBM’s SNA • ParallelledARPAnet’s work • Tymnet, GE Information Services network etc. • Time sharing networks

  9. Networks of networks DARPA (Defence ARPA) funded the connection of networks Networks of networksalsocalledinernetting

  10. Protocols • (early version of) TCP wasused for connecting the networks • Forwardingfunctions IP • UDP

  11. MoreProtocols • Ethernet protocol • Enablingwiredbasedbroadcastsharingnetworks • Laying the foundation for LAN • ALOHA Protocol • Multiple access protocol

  12. The 80’s

  13. More computer networks • BITNET • University e-mail and filesharing • CSNET • Linking researchers without access to the ARPAnet • NSFNET • Connection to supercomputing centers • 56kbps backbone, later 1,5Mbps and serving as the linkingbackbonebetween regional networks

  14. Standardisation • TCP/IP replacing NCP as the standard hostprotocol for ARPAnet • The late 80’s: • Congestioncontrol is added to TCP • DNS is invented

  15. The 90’s

  16. Commercialisation ARPAnetclosesdown NSFNET serving as backboneconnecting the regional networks and opening the network for commercialpurposes In 1995 NSFNET is decomissioned and Internet Service Providers serves as the new backbones in itsplace

  17. Developments • The key components of the web: HTML, HTTP, web server and a webbrowser is developed in the early 90’s • 93: webbrowsers with GUI. • 95: Web commerce • Killerapplications: • E-mail • The Web • IM (ICQ) • P2P filesharing (Napster)

  18. The rest is history…

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