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PRESIDENTIAL SCANDALS STRAGEGIES AND RHETORIC. Mary Moffett & Kristin Halfpenny. STRATEGIES. IMAGE REPAIR DISCOURSE WILLIAM L. BENOIT APOLOGETIC DISCOURSE STRATEGIES B.L. WARE & WIL A. LINKUGEL. 1)Denial Simple Denial Shift Blame 2)Evade Responsibility Provocation Defeasibility
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PRESIDENTIAL SCANDALSSTRAGEGIES AND RHETORIC Mary Moffett & Kristin Halfpenny
STRATEGIES • IMAGE REPAIR DISCOURSE • WILLIAM L. BENOIT • APOLOGETIC DISCOURSE STRATEGIES • B.L. WARE & WIL A. LINKUGEL
1)Denial Simple Denial Shift Blame 2)Evade Responsibility Provocation Defeasibility Accident Good Intentions 3)Reduce Offensiveness Bolster Minimize Differentiate Transcendence Attack Accuser Compensate 4)Corrective Action 5)Mortification IMAGE REPAIR STRATEGIESWILLIAM L. BENOIT
APOLOGETIC DISCOURSE STRAGEGIESB.L. WARE & WILL A. LINKUGEL • Reformative Strategies • Denial • Bolstering • Transformative Strategies • Differentiation • Transcendence Major Rhetorical Postures Absolution Vindicative Explanative Justificative
RICHARD MILHOUSE NIXONDENIAL SPEECHES - 1974 Strategies & Effectiveness Denial • Simple Denial • Shift Blame Reduce Offensiveness • Minimization • Transcendence Corrective Action
Denial Transcendence Bolstering WILLIAM JEFFERSON CLINTONDENIAL SPEECH – JAN. 26, 1998
NIXON’SRESIGNATION SPEECH • Strategies & Effectiveness • Denial • Mortification • Apology Evade Responsibility • Good Intentions Reduce Offensiveness • Differentiation • Bolstering • Transcendence
Techniques Used in this speech Mortification Denial Attacker accuser Transcendence Critics Comments Private Vs. Public Duality CLINTONNATIONAL ADDRESS:POST-GRAND JURY
AUDIENCE AND IMAGE Audience Perceptions Number and Type of Audience Likely Reaction of Audience
The Fourth Estate Public Polling Ex. Clinton speech Implications? MEDIA AND IMAGE
DISCUSSION: EFFECTIVENESS AND OUTCOME