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Anatomy-Muscular System

Anatomy-Muscular System. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics & Function. Introduction. How many skeletal muscles can you identify? What is a concentric contraction? Eccentric contraction? Isometric contraction?. Objectives. Students will be able to:

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Anatomy-Muscular System

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  1. Anatomy-Muscular System Skeletal Muscle Characteristics & Function

  2. Introduction • How many skeletal muscles can you identify? • What is a concentric contraction? • Eccentric contraction? • Isometric contraction?

  3. Objectives • Students will be able to: • Identify skeletal muscles, their attachments & action

  4. Terminology • Dorsiflexion • Upward bending of the foot • Pulling toes up

  5. Terminology • Plantar Flexion • Downward bending of the foot • Pointing toes Dancers primarily plantarflex

  6. Terminology • Protraction • Anteriorly rounded shoulders • Retraction • Squeeze scapula's together

  7. Terminology • Adduction • Add back to the body • Abduction • Away from the body/midline

  8. Terminology • Flexion • Decreasing the angle of the joint; to bend • Extension • Increasing the angle of the joint; to straighten

  9. Terminology • Inversion • Toes moving inward • Eversion • Toes moving outward

  10. Face • Masseter • Origin • Zygomatic arch • Insertion • Mandible • Action • Closes the jaw • Raises the mandible

  11. Masseter • The Chewing Muscle! • How would we CONTRACT this muscle?

  12. Neck Muscle • Sternocleidomastoid • Sterno – Sternum • Cleido – Clavicle • Mastoid – Mastoid Process • Origin • Sternum (near manubrium) • Clavicle (medial end) • Insertion • Mastoid Process

  13. Sternocleidomastoid • Action • Bilaterally, Flex Cervical • Unilaterally, rotation to opposite side

  14. Abdominals • Rectus Abdominis • Origin • Pubis • Insertion • Xiphoid process • Costal cartilage (5-7)

  15. Rectus Abdominus • Action • Compresses/stabilizes abdominal cavity • Flexion of trunk

  16. Upper Extremity Muscles • Trapezius • Origin • Occipital • Spinous process C7-T12 • Insertion • Lateral clavicle • Scapular spine

  17. Trapezius • Action • Elevation • Depression • Retraction • Stabilizes scapula • What exercises could someone do to work their traps? Shrugs Upright Row Scap Retraction with bands

  18. Upper Extremity • LatissimusDorsi • Origin • Spinous process T6-S5 • Iliac crest • Insertion • Medial humerus

  19. LatissimusDorsi • Action • Extension @ shoulder • Adduction of humerus

  20. Upper Extremity • Pectoralis Major • Origin • Medial clavicle • Sternum • Costal cartilage (1-6) • Insertion • Proximal Humerus

  21. Pectoralis Major • Action • Flexion • Adduction of humerus

  22. Upper Extremity • Deltoid - Anterior • Origin • Lateral clavicle • Insertion • Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  23. Anterior Deltoid • Action • Flexion • Horizontal adduction of humerus

  24. Upper Extremity • Deltoid - Middle • Origin • Acromion process • Insertion • Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  25. Middle Deltoid • Action • Abduction of humerus to 90 degrees

  26. Upper Extremity • Deltoid - Posterior • Origin • Scapular spine • Insertion • Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  27. Posterior Deltoid • Action • Extension • Horizontal abduction of humerus

  28. Flash Card Time! • Make Flash Cards for the following: • Masseter • Sternocleidomastoid • Rectus Abdominus • Trapezius • LatissimusDorsi • Pectoralis Major • Deltoid • Anterior • Middle • Posterior On one side: Name On opposite side: Origin, Insertion & Action

  29. Muscles of the Shoulder • The muscles of the shoulder run from the scapula to the humerus/forearm • What anatomical movements can the shoulder perform? • What muscle groups do you know?

  30. Rotator Cuff Muscles • They originate on the scapula & insert on the humeral head • They hold the head of the humerus IN the GlenoidFossa of the Scapula. • Keep shoulder in socket. • 4 Muscles make up the Rotator Cuff: • Supraspinatus • Infraspinatus • Teres Minor • Subscapularis

  31. Supraspinatus • Origin: • SupraspinousFossa of Scapula • Insertion • Greater Tubercle of Humerus • Action • Abduction of humerus • Stabilize head of humerus

  32. Supraspinatus in Action! • Laying a ball up in basketball • Jumping Jack • Abduction of shoulder

  33. Infraspinatus • Origin • Infraspinousfossa of scapula • Insertion • Greater tubercle of humerus • Action • Lateral rotation of humerus • Or External Rotation • Stabilize head of humerus • What view is this picture?

  34. Infraspinatus in Action!

  35. Teres Minor • Origin • Lateral boarder of scapula • Insertion • Greater tubercle of humerus • Action • Lateral rotation of humerus • External Rotation • Stabilize head of humerus

  36. Teres Minor in Action! • Much like the Infraspinatus…working on lateral rotation exercises enhances this muscle • What other sports would need to strengthen their teres minor?

  37. Subscapularis • Origin • Subscapularfossa of scapula • Insertion • Lesser tubercle of humerus • Action • Medial rotation of humerus • Internal rotation • Stabilize head of humerus

  38. Actions of Rotator Cuff • Abduction • External Rotation • External rotation • Internal Rotation • Supraspinatus • Infraspinatus • Teres minor • Subscapularis

  39. Biceps Brachii • Origin • Short Head-coracoid process • Long Head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula • Insertion • Radial tuberosity • Action • Flexion of elbow

  40. Biceps in Action • Discuss: • Eccentrically Contract • Concentrically Contract • Isometrically Contract

  41. Triceps Brachii • Origin • Long Head • Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula • Lateral Head • Posterior humerus • Medial Head • Posterior humerus • Insertion • Olecranon process of ulna • Action • Extension of elbow

  42. Triceps In Action!

  43. Skeletal Muscle • Make Flash Cards for the following: • Supraspinatus • Infraspinatus • Teres Minor • Subscapularis • Biceps Brachii • Triceps Brachii On one side: Name On opposite side: Origin, Insertion & Action

  44. Muscles of the Thigh • The muscles of the thigh run from the hip to the knee • What movements can the hip and knee joint perform? • What muscles/muscle group do you know?

  45. Gluteus Maximus • Origin • Posterior sacrum & ilium • Insertion • Glutealtuberosity of femur • Action • Extension of femur/hip • External Rotation of hip

  46. Glute Strength • Squats are known to help build glute strength… • What other exercises would concentrically contract this muscle?

  47. Hamstrings • Biceps Femoris • Origin • Long head-ischialtuberosity • Short head-posterior femur • Insertion • Head of fibula • Action • Extension of hip • Flexion of the knee

  48. Hamstrings • Semitendinosus • Origin • Ischialtuberosity • Insertion • Anterior tibia • Action • Extension of hip • Flexion of the knee

  49. Hamstrings • Semimembranosus • Origin • Ischialtuberosity • Insertion • Posterior medial tibia • Action • Extension of hip • Flexion of the knee

  50. Hamstrings O: Ischial tuberosity I: Fibula & Tibia A: Flex knee Extend hip Semitendinosus Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus

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