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Macromolecules

Macromolecules. How to build a polymer. dehydration synthesis joins monomers by “taking” H 2 O out requires energy & enzymes. Structure and function of polymers are derived from the way their monomers are assembled [4.A.1.a]. How to break down a polymer. Hydrolysis

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Macromolecules

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  1. Macromolecules

  2. How to build a polymer • dehydration synthesis • joins monomers by “taking” H2O out • requires energy & enzymes • Structure and function of polymers are derived from the way their monomers are assembled [4.A.1.a]

  3. How to break down a polymer • Hydrolysis • use H2O to break apart monomers • ex: digestion

  4. Carbohydrates • Carbohydrates are composed of C, H, O carbo - hydr - ate (CH2O)x Function: Monomer: Examples:

  5. Numbered carbons C 6' C O 5' C C 4' 1' C C 3' 2'

  6. Buildingsugars • Dehydration synthesis builds sugars [4.A.1.a.4]

  7. Simple & complex sugars

  8. Polysaccharides • Function: • energy storage • starch (plants) • glycogen (animals) • building materials = structure • cellulose (plants) • chitin (arthropods & fungi)

  9. Polysaccharides

  10. Cellulose The nature of carbohydrate bonds determines their orientation and thus the structure [4.A.1.b.3]

  11. Lipids Function: Structure: Examples:

  12. Phospholipids • Hydrophobic or hydrophilic? • fatty acid tails = hydrophobic • PO4 = hydrophilic head

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