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MACROMOLECULES

Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5). MACROMOLECULES. Ch 5 in Campbell p. 32-38 in Holtzclaw. Macromolecules. You must know: The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds.

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MACROMOLECULES

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  1. Concept 1: Analyzing and the chemistry of life (Ch 2, 3, 4, 5) MACROMOLECULES Ch 5 in Campbell p. 32-38 in Holtzclaw

  2. Macromolecules You must know: • The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds. • How to recognize the four biologically important organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) by their structural formulas. • The cellular functions of all four organic compounds. • The four structural levels that proteins can go through to reach their final shape (conformation) and the denaturing impact that heat and pH scale can have on protein structure.

  3. Two important biochemical reactions: • Dehydration Synthesis • Hydrolysis

  4. Dehydration Synthesis

  5. Dehydration Synthesis • Example – building a ‘disaccharide’

  6. Hydrolysis

  7. Hydrolysis • Example – digesting a ‘disaccharide’

  8. Reversible!

  9. Try This! • How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eightmonomers long?

  10. Try This! • How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is eightmonomers long? Seven H2O

  11. Four Types of Organic Compounds • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Nucleic Acids • Proteins

  12. Carbohydrates • Structure (monosaccharides: CnH2nOn) • Cellular Function

  13. Carbohydrates • Structure (disaccharides) • Cellular Function

  14. Carbohydrates • Structure (polysaccharides – cellulose) • Cellular Function (structural support)

  15. Carbohydrates • Structure (polysaccharides – starch, glycogen) • Cellular Function (energy storage)

  16. Lipids • Structure • Cellular Function

  17. Lipids • Structure (neutral fat) • Cellular Function (energy storage)

  18. Lipids • Structure (saturated fatty acids) • Cellular Function

  19. Lipids • Structure (unsaturated fatty acids) • Cellular Function

  20. Lipids • Structure (phospholipids) • Cellular Function (cell membrane)

  21. Lipids • Structure (phospholipids) • Cellular Function (cell membranes)

  22. Lipids • Structure (steroids) • Cellular Function (structure, hormones)

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