The Protestant Reformation

1. The Protestant Reformation 9th Grade Social Studies Fall 2013 Unit 3

2. The Big Picture • Martin Luther began a movement to reform the practices of the Catholic Church that he believed were wrong. • Reformation leaders did not intend to destroy Christian unity but rather redefine it • The English Reformation was politically motivated which led to religious turmoil. • Catholic revival, and new tools such as the powerful Jesuit order, preserved much of territory for Catholicism, but it could not stem division. • The result was a period of confusion and considerable conflict, including concern about witchcraft.

3. Why we study this unit: • Martin Luther's protests over the abuses in the Catholic Church led to a permanent split within Christianity. • Nearly one-fifth of the Christians in today's world are Protestants • The Reformation's questioning of beliefs and authority laid the ground work for the Enlightenment.

4. Essential Questions: • How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism? • How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings? • What motivated the Reformation in England and how did it lead to religious turmoil? • What were the effects of the Counter Reformation on the Catholic Church?

5. Units: • Last Unit: The Renaissance • Current Unit: Protestant Reformation • Next Unit: Absolutism

6. Odd Day Academic • 10/9: Protestant Reformation Qs • 10/11: Causes of Reformation • 10/11: Luther Video Qs • 10/11: Religions Chart • 10/15: Luther Flowchart • 10/15: Primary Source Activity • 10/17: Current Events Activity • 10/21: English Reformation Qs • 10/23: Tudor Family Tree • 10/23: Tudor web quest • 10/23: Counter Reformation

7. Odd Day Honors • 10/9: Protestant Reformation Qs • 10/11: Luther Video Qs • 10/11: Causes of Reformation • 10/15: Religions Chart • 10/15: Luther Flowchart • 10/15: Primary Source Activity • 10/17: Current Events Activity • 10/21: English Reformation Qs • 10/23: Tudor Family Tree • 10/23: Tudor web quest • 10/23: Counter Reformation

8. Academic Even Days • 10/10: Protestant Reformation Qs • 10/14: Causes of Reformation • 10/14: Luther Video Qs • 10/14: Religions Chart • 10/18: Luther Flowchart • 10/18: Primary Source Activity • 10/22: English Reformation Qs • 10/24: Tudor Family Tree • 10/24: Tudor web quest • 10/24: Counter Reformation

9. Honors Even Days • 10/10: Protestant Reformation Qs • 10/14: Luther Video Qs • 10/14: Causes of Reformation • 10/18: Religions Chart • 10/18: Luther Flowchart • 10/18: Primary Source Activity • 10/22: English Reformation Qs • 10/24: Tudor Family Tree • 10/24: Tudor web quest • 10/24: Counter Reformation

10. Protestant Reformation Terms • Protestant Reformation • Indulgences • Martin Luther • 95 Theses • Edict of Worms • Charles V • Henry VIII • Anglican Church • Act of Supremacy • Annulled • Edward VI • Mary Tudor • Elizabeth I

11. Counter-Reformation Terms • Counter-Reformation • Jesuits • Ignatius of Loyola • Council of Trent • Inquisition

12. 1. How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism? • People believed the church had strayed from its ______________ roots because of their _______________influence, ____________, and _______________. • Common criticisms included __________ corruption , abuse of _____________, ________________ and ______________ taxation. • Above all, the sale of ______________ sparked widespread criticism from ____________________.

13. 1. How did abuses in the church spark widespread criticism? • People believed the church has strayed from its religious roots because of their political influence, wealth, and worldliness. • Common criticisms included financial corruption, abuse of power, immorality and heavy taxation. • Above all, the sale of indulgences sparked widespread criticism from Martin Luther.

14. 2. How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings? • Martin Luther challenged the basic beliefs of the _____________ Church in his ____________________. • Luther believed _________________ was needed for salvation and rejected _____________________. • He believed ______________ was the true leader of the Church and denied the ______________authority. • Finally, Luther thought that the only source of _______________ truth was the ______________.

15. 2. How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings? • Martin Luther challenged the basic beliefs of the Catholic Church in his 95 Theses. • Luther believed faith alone was needed for salvation and rejected good deeds. • He believed Jesus was the true leader of the Church and denied the pope's authority. • Finally, Luther thought that the only source of religious truth was the Bible.

16. 4. What motivated the Reformation in England and how did it lead to religious turmoil? • ________________ broke away from the _____________ Church for ________________ reasons. • After the _____________ refused to ___________ his first marriage, Henry declared himself the __________ of the Church and denied ______________ authority. • After his death, England faced religious _____________ under Protestant King _____________ and Catholic Queen _______________. • Finally, _______________ created a religious _________________ that restored peace and firmly establish England as a ________________ nation.

17. 4. What motivated the Reformation in England and how did it lead to religious turmoil? • Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church for political reasons. • After the pope refused to annul his first marriage, Henry declared himself the head of the Church and denied papal authority. • After his death, England faced religious turmoil under Protestant King Edward VI and Catholic Queen Mary. • Finally, Elizabeth created a religious compromise that restored peace and firmly establish England as a Protestant nation.

18. 5. What reforms were made by the Catholic Church? • The Council of Trent was convened by Pope Paul III to address the problems of financial abuse and clergy corruption. • The Jesuits used education and built schools, hospitals, and missions to combat the spread of Protestantism. • Women played an active role in reforming church practices, helping the poor, and educating girls

19. 6. What were the religious and social effects of the Counter-Reformation? • The Counter Reformation slowed the spread of Protestantism but Europe remained divided between the Catholic south and Protestant north. • The religious effects were that Catholics persecuted non-Catholics and divisions within Protestantism formed. • The social effects were that women and the poor were accused of witchcraft during hardships and Muslims and Jews were forced to convert in Spain.