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As you walk in…

As you walk in…. Open your literature book to page 278. Have study guide on your desk. Historical Background: The Elizabethan Era. Elizabeth I, the unwanted daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, proved to be one of the ablest monarchs in English history!

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As you walk in…

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  1. As you walk in… • Open your literature book to page 278. • Have study guide on your desk.

  2. Historical Background:The Elizabethan Era • Elizabeth I, the unwanted daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, proved to be one of the ablest monarchs in English history! • Why? The English Renaissance reached its full flower, and England enjoyed a time of unprecedented prosperity and international prestige.

  3. Historical Background:The Elizabethan Era • Elizabeth was: • A practical and disciplined ruler • Loved pomp and ceremony but was frugal and on a budget • Sensitive to public opinion and respectful of Parliament • Settled the Roman Catholics and radical Protestants • Ended the Spanish alliance • Kept England out of costly wars

  4. Historical Background:The Elizabethan Era • She used her “possibility of marriage” to her and the country’s advantage. • She encouraged overseas ventures, especially to the New World. • She denied funding pirate raids against the Spanish ships; however, she did take part in these “unlawful acts” of plunder!

  5. Historical Background:The Elizabethan Era • In 1587, the quarrel with Catholic Spain intensified. • Elizabeth executed her cousin Mary Stuart, Roman Catholic queen of Scotland, for conspiracy.

  6. Historical Background:The Elizabethan Era • A year after Mary’s execution, Spain’s Philip II sent a great armada to challenge the English navy. • England beat Spain which just proved that Elizabeth was the undisputed leaderof a great military power.

  7. Historical Background:The Elizabethan Era • Catholics thought that Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn’s marriage was unjust. • If they were never married then the only heir to the throne would have been Mary Stuart, her Spanish cousin.

  8. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • With Elizabeth’s death in 1603, the powerful Tudor dynasty came to an end, and the rule of England fell to the house of Stuart. • Elizabeth was succeeded by her cousin James VI of Scotland, son of Mary Stuart. • Whom Elizabeth had killed for conspiracy.

  9. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • James VI of Scotland became James I of England. • He was eager to support the Church of England. • Not Catholics (Despite his mother Mary Stuart) • Not Puritans (Despite being from Scotland)

  10. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • Problems arose for James I and his son Charles I. • James and Charles lacked the political savvy and frugality of Elizabeth. • Their contempt for Parliament and their shocking extravagance met with much hostility in the dominantly Puritan House of Commons.

  11. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • In 1629, Charles dismissed Parliament and refused to listen to them for 11 years. • He operated without trial by jury.

  12. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • This deepened the • Religious • Political • And economic unrest

  13. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • English citizens emigrated to North America. • Charles was forced to reconvene Parliament because of the unrest with religion in the area.

  14. Historical Background:The Rise of the Stuarts • In a session known as the Long Parliament, many of his powers were stripped. • He responded with a show of military force, and England was soon plunged into civil war.

  15. Historical Background:The Defeat of Monarchy • The English civil war pitted the Royalists– supporters of the Monarchy– against the supporters of the Parliament. • Under the skilled leadership of General Oliver Cromwell, the devout, disciplined Puritan army soundly defeated the Royalists in 1645.

  16. Historical Background:The Defeat of Monarchy • Cromwell’s army, now in control of Parliament, eventually had the king executed!!! • Under Cromwell’s rule, theaters were closed and most forms of recreation were suspended. • Sunday became a day of prayer where pleasure was forbidden.

  17. Historical Background:The Defeat of Monarchy • Eventually Cromwell and his son were ignored, and Parliament allowed Charles II to return from exile and assume the throne. • Charles II will bring us to The Restoration, but that will come next Unit!

  18. Homework • For extra credit points, bring one of the following: • Licorice • Apple cider • “Wedding” cake

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