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Topic: Classifying Matter

Topic: Classifying Matter. Indicate whether the following changes are physical or chemical. Burning wood Tearing paper Freezing Water Dissolving NaCl in H 2 O Mixing NaCl and SiO 2. Matter. Substances. Mixtures. Heterogeneous Mixtures. Homogeneous Mixtures. Compounds.

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Topic: Classifying Matter

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  1. Topic: Classifying Matter Indicate whether the following changes are physical or chemical. Burning wood Tearing paper Freezing Water Dissolving NaCl in H2O Mixing NaCl and SiO2

  2. Matter Substances Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures Compounds Elements Can it be separated by physical methods NO YES Atoms Mixtures  Separated by physical methods Compounds  Separated by chemical methods

  3. Element • Substance that: • cannot be broken down or decomposed into simpler substance • only 1 kind of atom • has definite properties • Formulas have 1 uppercase letter Cu Cu Cu Cu F2 F F F F

  4. Element Song Big Bang Version sung by Sheldon

  5. Compounds • 2 or more elements chemically combined in a definite ratio • Properties are different from those of elements formed from • Only Broken into elements by chemical rxn • Formulas have 2 or more uppercase letters HCl Cl H H Cl Cl H H2O O H H O H H

  6. 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl Na = element Cl2= element NaCl = compound Element or Compound?

  7.           Particle Diagrams Atoms of a monatomic (1) element   Molecules of a diatomic (2) element   

  8. These seven elements are always diatomic H H2 N2 O2 F2 N O F Cl2 Cl Br Br2 I I2

  9. Mixtures • Combo of 2 or more pure substances (elements + elements) (elements + compounds) (compounds + compounds) • Physically combined not chemically combined • Each substance retains its own identity and properties

  10. Mixtures • Variable composition • No unique properties (Think of sugar and salt mixed together) • Separated by physical methods • May be homogeneous or heterogeneous

  11. Types of Mixtures • Heterogeneous: definite variation in composition, individual components visible - scatters light (can’t shine light through) Oil in water Salad dressing Granite

  12. Suspensions (type of heterogeneous mix.) • Particles are larger • can be evenly distributed by mechanical means (shaking the contents) • Settle out on standing

  13. Homogeneous (aka solutions): constant composition throughout, individual components not visible • Solutions in gas & liquid phases transmit light • particles not big enough to scatter light • look translucent

  14. RECAP: Solution vs Suspension • Solutions in gas & liquid phases transmit light • particles not big enough to scatter light • look translucent • Suspensions look cloudy • particles big enough to scatter light • settle on standing

  15. Solution(homogenous) vs Suspension(heterogeneous)

  16. CuSO4(aq) Solution(homogenous) vs Suspension(heterogeneous)

  17. Heterogeneous? Or Homogeneous? Compounds? Or Elements? Solid? Liquid? Gas? Homogenous Mixture: Compounds & elements Both in liquid phase O H H H H O O H O H H O F- H H O F- F- F- H H O O F- O F- F- H H H H H H F- O O Heterogeneous Mixture: elements & elements O2 in the gas phase K in the solid phase O O O O K K K K O K K O

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