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CHAPTER 26 1919-1939

CHAPTER 26 1919-1939. THE FUTILE SEARCH FOR A NEW STABILITY: EUROPE BETWEEN THE WARS. AN UNCERTAIN PEACE - THE SEARCH FOR SECURITY:. Europe after 1919 – tried to solve nationalism Redrawing borders Creating new states - 11 new countries created

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CHAPTER 26 1919-1939

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  1. CHAPTER 261919-1939 THE FUTILE SEARCH FOR A NEW STABILITY: EUROPE BETWEEN THE WARS

  2. AN UNCERTAIN PEACE - THE SEARCH FOR SECURITY: Europe after 1919 – • tried to solve nationalism • Redrawing borders • Creating new states - 11 new countries created • Unhappiness over borders still remained in Eastern Europe • Germany was angry, resentful, and humiliated - article 231 + reparations • The League of Nations - it was hoped that this could resolve conflicts and keep the peace • USA - does not join the League of Nations, rejects the Treaty of Versailles -> isolationism • Britain - focus on economic problems and ignore continental problems • France - isolated and without allies • Russia - communist = toxic = the outcast of Europe The Little Entente = France forms alliance with Czechoslovakia + Romania + Yugoslavia (enlarged Serbia ) France forms alliance also with the new Poland

  3. THE FRENCH POLICY OF COERCION (1919-1924): • Strict enforcement of the T. of Versailles • Tough policy towards Germany = must pay full reparations • 1921 the reparations that Germany owed was set at 132 billion marks • Germany agrees and starts to pay reparations in 1921 • 1922 Germany says it is broke and can’t pay the reparations • France sends troops to occupy the Ruhr Valley in Germany - operate and use Ruhr mines and factories

  4. Ruhr Valley - Germany’s mining and industrial heartland Germans adopt policy of passive resistance Germany begins printing money to pay debts = inflation The policy of coercion adopted by France proves to be a loser for both Germany and France

  5. THE HOPEFUL YEARS (1924-1929) • The second half of the 1920’s – • New governments in France, Britain, and Germany • New conciliatory approach to Germany and the reparations problem • Gustav Stresemann = new elected leader of the Weimar Republic End passive resistance Agree to obey the Treaty of Versailles Seek a new settlement for the reparations problem • The Dawes Plan 1924 = American loans to Germany to assist economic recovery • The Treaty of Locarno 1925 = settles problems between Germany and France - “the spirit of Locarno” • Germany admitted to the League of Nations in 1926 • The Kellogg-Briand Pact = treaty “making war illegal” • Disarmament - conferences and treaties designed to reduce weapons

  6. GUSTAV STRESEMANN –Weimar Germany’s greatest politician THE SIGNING OF THE KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT -> MAKING WAR ILLEGAL

  7. PLEASE EXPLAIN THE CARTOON ON THE RIGHT -> WHAT ARE THE ROCKS?

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