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Grammar Book. Karen Muhammad. Table of contents. 1. Preterit 2. Demonstrative Adjectives & Pronoun 3. Ordinal Numbers 4. Prepositions 5. Future Tense 6. Possessive Adjectives & Pronouns 7. Reflexives. Preterite. SNAKE STEM CHANGERS DOMIR Domí Domimos Domiste Dumió Dumieron.
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Grammar Book Karen Muhammad
Table of contents • 1. Preterit • 2. Demonstrative Adjectives & Pronoun • 3. Ordinal Numbers • 4. Prepositions • 5. Future Tense • 6. Possessive Adjectives & Pronouns • 7. Reflexives
Preterite • SNAKE • STEM CHANGERS • DOMIR • Domí • Domimos • Domiste • Dumió • Dumieron SPOCK VERBS • 2. Y CHANGERS • LEER • Leí • Leimos • Leiste • Leyó • Leyeron Ir/Ser Dar/Ver andar estar poder poner querer saber tener venir conducir producir traducir decir traer anduv- estuv- pud- pus- quis- sup- tuv- vin- conduj- produj- traduj- dij- traj- Hacer -CAR changes to qué -GAR changes to gué -ZAR changes to cé NOTE: ONLY CHANGES IN THE YO FOURM!
Demonstrative Adj & Pronouns • Demonstrative Adjectives • Demonstrative Adjective • Used when the object is more than just a short distance away • Usually precede the noun Examples: este – this ese – that estos – these esos – those • Demonstrative Pronouns • Same as the demonstrative adjectives but always have a accent mark over the first letter • Examples: éste – this ése – that éstos – these ésos – those
Ordinal Number • When used with noun they must agree with number & gender. • Ordinals are placed before nouns. • Primera • Segunda • Tercera • Cuarta • Quinta • Sexto • Septima • Octava • Novena • Decima
Prepositions Abajo debajo(de) encima(de) • Cerca(de) • Delante(de) • A la derecha(de) • Detras(de) • Entre • A la izquierda(de) • Al lado(de) • Lejos(de) The Words Arriba & Abajo are never followed by de. Arriba dentro(de) fuera(de) Use de only when a specific location follows the expression.
Future tense • Future tense “haber” + past participle • Describes what will happen in the future before the action takes place. • Habré • Habrás • Habrá • Habremos • Habrán ALL Verbs have the same endings in the future tense.
Possessive Adjectives • For actions that were repeated habitually • For actions that “set the stage” for another past action • For telling time • For stating one’s age • For mental states (usually) • For physical sensations (usually) • To describe the characteristics of people, things, or conditions AR ER/IR
Possessive Pronouns • Demonstrative Pronouns are used in place of the adjective and the noun. They are the same as demonstrative adjectives except that they have an accent. Singular-aquélla Plural-aquéllas
Reflexive Pronouns & Verbs • Takes a special pronoun called a reflexive pronoun. • A reflexive pronoun is the same person, place, or thing as the subject! The subject (yo) & the direct ibject (me) are the same person.