150 likes | 340 Views
Focus On Grammar Book 2, 5 th edition. Lesson 5: Singular / Plural Count / Non-count Nouns There is / There are Quantity words. 5.1 Spelling rules for Plurals. The sound (S or Z) is usually determined by the sound before it (voiced or unvoiced) Hissy sounds get an extra syllable
E N D
Focus On GrammarBook 2, 5th edition Lesson 5: Singular / Plural Count / Non-count Nouns There is / There are Quantity words
5.1 Spelling rules for Plurals • The sound (S or Z) is usually determined by the sound before it (voiced or unvoiced) • Hissy sounds get an extra syllable • Vowel and y, o +s • Consonant and y, o +es • F ves • Exceptions
5.3 – Special Cases • Adjectives attached to nouns are always singular (but may be pluralizable alone). • He is a five year old boy. • He is five years old. • I have five dollars. • I have a five dollar bill. • News and politics are uncountable • See page 157 for more
5.4 – Countable and Uncountable • Let’s look in our dictionaries… • Types • liquids, gases, abstractions, subjects of study etc. • Thunder - a thunderclap • Many small things • Groups
5.5 – BOTH! • Many can be [C, U] • My favorite example is chicken
5.6 Quantity Words • Page 164, fourth column will be on Test #3
5.7, 5.8 – There is, There are • Introduce in Time or Place • “It exists”, “It is” • Could be moved around, but this is better. Emphasizes/Focuses that this is a new topic, and more information may follow. • Negatives and Questions are the same old rules. • Short answer includes “THERE” as subject. • No Contractions
5.10 – Some, Any, A, No • SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS ALWAYS NEED AND ARTICLE (or another determiner) • A/An, The, No, This, My, One, etc. • Some for positive and questions; not negative • Any for negative and questions; • not positive (unless it means you can use any one) • There is/are NO = There is/are not any
5.11 A lot of, much, many • A lot of • plural and non-count • pos, neg, quest • Much • Non-count only • pos, neg, quest • Many • Plural only • pos, neg, quest
5.12A Lot Of Too Much/Too Many • TOO = a problem • She has too much money. • Jackson is too tall to get into my car. • Jasvir is too short to drive a truck. • With Much and Many, it’s the same.
5.13A Few, Several, A Little • A few for plural • Several for plural • A little for non-count
5.14A Few Few; a Little Little • With “A” = neutral • Without “A” = a problem; not enough • Few / A Few for plurals • Little / A Little for non-count