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Ancient Middle East

Ancient Middle East. Invaders, Traders and Empire Builders. Wars and conquer. About 2300 B.C. – Sargon Built first empire After his death, Sumerian city-states revived 1790 B.C. Hammurabi – Babylon Set of laws – Hammurabi’s Code

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Ancient Middle East

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  1. Ancient Middle East Invaders, Traders and Empire Builders

  2. Wars and conquer • About 2300 B.C. – Sargon • Built first empire • After his death, Sumerian city-states revived • 1790 B.C. Hammurabi – Babylon • Set of laws – Hammurabi’s Code • First to codify – arrange and set down in writing – all the laws that would govern a state • Civil law – dealt with private rights and matters, such as business contracts, property inheritance, taxes, marriage, and divorce • Orderly household was necessary for stable empire

  3. Eye for an eye • Criminal law – dealt with offenses against others, such as robbery, assault, or murder • Poor construction of a house, and owner died leads to death of builder • Steal, leads to cut off arm • Other improvements: • System of irrigation improvement • Organized a well-trained army • Ordered many temples to be repaired

  4. Hit It • Hittites–1400B.C.–from Asia Minor • Ability to extract iron from ore • Sharper/better tools and weapons • Knowledge eventually spread after their collapse in 1200 B.C. • Iron workers migrated to Asia, Africa, and Europe, leading to the Iron Age

  5. Assyrians • Upper Tigris–1350B.C.– expanded into Mesopotamia around 1100 B.C. • Also developed iron weapons • Reputation as great warriors • Encouraged a well • ordered society

  6. Babylon’s back • Nebuchadnezzar – about 600 B.C. •   Empire grew from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea •   Rebuilt canals, temples, walls, and palaces •   Surrounded Babylon with moat and walls •   Hanging Gardens for his wife

  7. Primary source • Pair up – • Time to read and analyze Hammurabi’s Code…..

  8. You be the judge • In your pair – you will be creating new laws! • Must be 4 laws – Do not ask to create more! • If no law is created, citizens are allowed to do it. • I.e. - If there is no law against chewing gum, they can chew gum as much as they want • Be as specific as possible • Make sure you have a reason for these laws

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