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IPS Chapter 3 Study Guide Section 1

IPS Chapter 3 Study Guide Section 1. Section 1 – Matter and Energy. Objective 1. (1) The main points of the kinetic theory of matter are:. Matter behaves as if made of tiny particles . These particles are always in motion.

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IPS Chapter 3 Study Guide Section 1

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  1. IPS Chapter 3 Study GuideSection 1

  2. Section 1 – Matter and Energy

  3. Objective 1

  4. (1) The main points of the kinetic theory of matter are: • Matter behaves as if made of tiny particles. • These particles are always in motion. • Their speeds depend on the temperature of the substance and the size of the particle.

  5. Objective 1 • (2) All matter is made of atoms and molecules that are in motion.

  6. Objective 1 • (3) The speed of the atoms and molecules of a particular substance is determined by the size of the atoms and molecules and temperature of the substance.

  7. Objective 1 • (4) The kinetic theory states that the higher the temperature, the faster the particles that make up a substance move.

  8. Objective 1 • (5) The kinetic theory states that, at the same temperature, heavier particles move more slowly than lighter particles.

  9. Objective 1 • (6) The heavier a particle, the slower it moves.

  10. Objective 1 • (7) The kinetic theory of matter states that matter is made of particles whose speed is dependent on their mass and temperature.

  11. Objective 1 • (8) The speed of the atoms and molecules of a particular substance is determined by their mass and temperature.

  12. Questions?

  13. Objective 2 • (9) Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in the object.

  14. Objective 2 • (10) The ability to change or to move matter is referred to as energy.

  15. Objective 2 • (11) As heat is added to a solid substance, the atoms vibrate faster and move apart.

  16. Objective 2 • (12) As heat is removed from a gaseous substance, the atoms move slower and begin clumping together.

  17. Questions?

  18. Objective 3 • (13) The only state of matter that is not a fluid is solid.

  19. Objective 3 • (14) The only state of matter that has a definite volume, but not shape is liquid.

  20. Objective 3 • (15) The state of matter which will hold its shape without a container is solid.

  21. Objective 3 • (16) The most common state of matter in the universe is called plasma.

  22. Objective 3 • (17) A liquid has a definite volume, but no definite shape.

  23. Objective 3 • (18) When matter is liquid, the particles can slide past each other, but are still packed together.

  24. Objective 3 • (19) When matter is plasma, the particles have broken down and become ionized.

  25. Objective 3 • (20) When matter is solid, the particles are in a rigid, fixed structure.

  26. Objective 3 • (21) Finally, when matter is gas, the particles are in constant motion and rarely stick together.

  27. Objective 3 • (22) A solid holds its shape because its structure is rigid.

  28. Questions?

  29. Changes of State

  30. Objective 4 • (23) The process of a liquid becoming a gas is called evaporation.

  31. Objective 4 • (24) The process of a liquid becoming a solid is called freezing.

  32. Objective 4 • (25) The change of a substance from a solid directly to a gas is called sublimation. Energy is absorbed.

  33. Objective 4 • (26) Evaporation refers to the change of state from a liquid to a gas.

  34. Objective 4 • (27) The process of a gas directly becoming a solid is called sublimation. Energy is released.

  35. Objective 4 • (28) Condensation refers to the change of state from a gas to a liquid.

  36. Objective 4 • (29) When water freezes or condenses energy is released.

  37. Objective 4 • (30) When water melts or boils energy is absorbed.

  38. Objective 4 • (31) For any change of state to occur, energy must be transferred.

  39. Objective 4 • (32) Ice cubes left in the freezer for several months will become smaller because of sublimation.

  40. Objective 4 • (33) The six changes of state are melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation (solid to gas and gas to solid).

  41. Objective 4 • (34) When ice melts to form water, energy is absorbed.

  42. Objective 4 • (35) When water freezes to form ice, energy is released.

  43. Questions?

  44. Objective 5 • (36) The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be created or destroyed.

  45. Objective 5 • (37) The two laws of conservation state that energy and masscannot be destroyed.

  46. Objective 5 • (38) The law of mass conservation states that mass can be neither created nor destroyed.

  47. Objective 5 • (39) Energy may be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

  48. Questions?

  49. Chapter 3 Study Guide Section 2 – Fluids

  50. Objective 1 • (1) Buoyant force is the upward force exerted on an object immersed or floating on a liquid.

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