Professor Jean - Claude Ettinger Assistant Alain Millares

1. Female Entrepreneurship « Centre for Home-based Services (CHS) » case  Professor Jean-Claude Ettinger Assistant Alain Millares Professor Jean-Claude Ettinger ALFA Project Turin, January 2005

2. Session outline • Context and general perspectives 2. Case preparation by the participants (if needed) 3. Case discussion as a real life class situation 4. Pedagogical dimensions and conclusions

3. Context and general perspectives • The choice of women entrepreneurship • Phase 1: summarizing the state-of the art • Phase 2: elaborating case studies with a foreign partners in Uruguay • Phase 3: training the trainers • Phase 4: teaching female entrepreneurship cases in our respectives universities

4. CHS case: pedagogical dimensions • 4 dimensions can be explored in relation with this case: • the difficult situation at the start • 2. the existence of an entrepreneurial mind • 3. the extreme complexity of the project • 4. the living conditions of a female entrepreneur

5. 1. The difficult situation at the start (1/1) • Bankruptcy and unemployment • Difficult personal situation • No management qualification • Few financial means Creating a company can be a way of getting out of desperate situations (entrepreneurs by necessity)

6. 2. The existence of an entrepreneurial mind (1/2) • Detection of an opportunity • Use of past working experiences • Knowledge of the general environment

7. 2. The existence of an entrepreneur mind (2/2) • Opportunities are all around us • Creation often rhymes with imitation • Out-of-the-box thinking • Obsession about clients needs satisfaction based on price or value

8. 3. The extreme complexity of the project (1/2) • Not customers but patients • Heavy logistics • Competition with well-established organizations • Importance of the political and legal environment • Public financing dependance

9. 3. The extreme complexity of the project (2/2) • Team complementarity • Deep knowledge of the core business • Management of the environment • Determination and work

10. 4. The living conditions of a female entrepreneur (1/2) • Nurse education and low managerial skills • Hard working and strong motivation • Strong personality • Team spirit but ability to work alone • Highly self-organized

11. 4. The female manager (2/2) • Confirmation of trends • 2 mains barriers: • Time management between private and professional life • Reluctance of some actors • Importance of the entrepreneur’s personality

12. Conclusions (1/2) • An entrepreneurial minded woman with no managerial qualification can change a difficult starting situation and a complex project into a success story • Not doing positive discrimination but providing equal chance to Women and Men.

13. Conclusions (2/2) • Importance of the involvement of all local actors: government, associations, networks,…and universities. • Role of universities: • Bringing cultural changes • Developing female entrepreneurial behaviour • Promoting female entrepreneurship success stories

14. Questions? Comments?

15. Thank you for your attention