Chapter 3 Section 1 Modeling the Planet

1. Chapter 3 Section 1Modeling the Planet Objectives: -Explain how maps are models of Earth -Compare and contrast three types of map projections -Use latitude and longitude to describe a location on Earth

2. Maps • A flat two-dimensional representation of Earth’s surface • Those who make maps are called cartographers

4. Mercator Projection • Depicts Earth as if a large cylinder of paper had been wrapped around the planet

5. Gnomonic (planar) Projection • A gnomonic map projection displays all great circles as straight lines. Thus the shortest route between two locations in reality corresponds to that on the map.

6. Polyconic Projection • A conic projection of a map having distances between meridians equal to those distances on a globe • Good for representing large land masses

7. Hemispheres • Earth divided into halves Northern and Southern hemispheres are separated by the equator Eastern and Western are divided by the prime meridian

8. Latitude • These lines circle the world from east to west parallel to the equator. All measurements are in relation to the equator • Arctic Circle (600 North) • Tropic of Cancer (23.50 North) • Equator (00) • Tropic of Capricorn (23.50 South) • Antarctic Circle (600 South)

9. Longitude • These lines circle the world from north to south. Measured east or west of the prime meridian • Prime Meridian (00) • International Date Line (180 0) • United States lies between 650 and 1250 west longitude.

10. Map Scales • A ratio relating map size to earth size • For example: 1inch:1mile • In this case 1 inch on a map equals 1 mile on earth

11. Map Scale: