Promoting Safe and Healthy Relationships

1. Promoting Safe and Healthy Relationships Chapter 10-13, 19 & 20

2. Myth or Fact • About 1/3 of teens in grades 9-12 are involved in at least one physical fight each year • Teens are more likely to be victims of violence than adults are • By age 13, the American child has watched 100,000 acts of violence on TV. • Joining a gang is not effective protection from violence. • Homicide, or murder, is the leading cause of death among teens.

3. Myth or Fact • Use of ATOD’s is a contributing factor in incidents of violent crime. • Programs intended to treat violent behavior are ineffective. • Nearly half of all rapes and sexual assaults are committed by acquaintances of the victim. • Schools can promote effective ways to prevent violence. • Of the industrialized nation in the world, the US had the highest rates of homicide and firearms related deaths among adolescents

4. Healthy Relationships Relationship is a bond or connection you have with other people All of your relationships can have effects on your physical, social, spiritual and mental/emotional health. Healthy relationships are based on shared values and interests and mutual respect. A healthy relationship is one in which both people benefit and feel comfortable

5. Healthy Relationships • Family Relationships • It involved immediate and extended family. It enhances all sides of your health triangle. • Relationships • Is a significant relationship between two people that is based on caring, trust, and consideration. • Roles of Family and Friends • A role is apart you play in a relationship.

6. Build a Healthy Relationship(Three C’s) • Communication- refers to your ways of sending and receiving messages. • Cooperation- working together for the good of all. • Compromise- is a problem-solving method that involves each participation’s giving up something to reach a solution that satisfied everyone. (give and take)

7. Characteristics of a Health Relationships • Mutual respect and consideration • Honestly • Dependability • Commitment

8. EffectiveCommunication • Communication is critical to healthy relationships. • Communication Styles • Passive Communication- involves the inability or unwillingness to express thoughts and feelings. • Aggressive Communication- often try to get their ways through bullying and intimidation. • Assertive Communication- involves expressing thoughts and feelings clearly and directly but without hurting others

9. Techniques For Active Listening • Reflective listening- rephrase or summarize what the other person has said. • Clarifying- Questioning the speaker about how he/she feels or asking questions to help you understand. • Encouraging- Encourage the speaker when you signal that you are interested and involved. You can show your interested by saying “I see” “Uh-huh” “I understand” • Empathizing- You are able to imagine and understand how someone else feels.

10. Eliminating Communication Barriers • Image and identity issues- a sense of who they are and their place in the world. If someone is unsure of his or her values, the uncertainty can complicate the communication. • Unrealistic expectations- Avoid imposing unrealistic expectations on your listener, this may cause the individuals to become frustrated or defensive. • Lack of trust • Prejudice- unfair opinion or judgment of a particular group of people. • Gender Stereotyping- is a type of prejudice that involves having an a belief about people of a certain gender.

11. The Mediation Process • Mediation- a process in which specialty trained people help others resolve their conflicts peacefully. • Mediation session take place in a neutral locations. • Mediation is strictly confidential. • Some schools offer peer mediation programs for settling conflicts. • Peer mediators, are students trained to help other students find fair resolution to conflicts and disagreements.

12. The Role of the Family • Family is a basic unit of society, provides a safe and nurturing environment for it member. • Extended Family- that is, your immediate family and other relatives such as grandparents, aunt, uncle, cousins. • The importance of Family • Meets physical and other basic needs • Meets mental/emotional needs • Meets social needs • Develops a value system • Build your Character

13. Strengthening Family Relationships • Demonstrate care and love • Show support, especially during difficult times • Demonstrate trust • Express commitment • Be Responsible • Spend time together • Respect individuality • Work together to solve problems • Be sensitive to others’ needs

14. Changes in Family Structure • Separation- is a decision between married individuals to live apart from each other. • Divorce- is a legal end to a marriage contract. • Remarriage-becoming a blending family • When there is children involved • Custody- is a legal decision about who has the right to make decisions affecting the children in a family and who has the responsibility of physically caring for them.

15. Family Structure • Marriage- is a long term commitment • Commitment is a promise or a pledge that a couple makes to each other. • Successful Marriage- marital adjustment-how well a person adjust to marriage and to his or her spouse. • Good communication • Emotional maturity • Similar value and interests. • Resolving Conflicts-even the best marriages, conflict occasionally. Some common issues include: • Differences spending money • Conflicting loyalties involving family and friends • Lack of communication • Lack of intimacy • Jealous, infidelity, or lack of attention • Decisions about having children and arranging child care • Abusive tendencies or attitudes. • Teen marriage: Maturity makes a successful marriage, do teen have that?

16. Family Violence • Domestic Violence- any act of violence involving family members. This is a criminal act that can be prosecuted by law. • Spousal Abuse is domestic violence at a spouse. • Child Abuse is domestic violence at a child. • Emotional abuse- is a pattern of behavior that attacks the emotional development and sense of worth of an individual. • Physical Abuse- is the intentional infliction of bodily harm or injury on another person. • Sexual Abuse-involves any sexual contact that is forced upon a person against his or her will.

17. Changing Family Violence • Breaking the cycle the violence. • Avoiding the Violence • Recognize • Resist • Report • Crisis Center- a facility that handles emergencies and provides referrals to an individuals needing help. • Support Groups meeting in which individuals share their problems and get advice from others facing similar issues. • Family Counseling therapy to restore healthy relationships in a family.

18. School Safety • Violence- is the threatened or actual use of physical force or power to harm another person or to damage property. • Bullying- the act of seeking power or attention through the psychological, emotion, or physical abuse of another person. • How does it start? How does it stop • Sexual Harassment- is a UNINVITED and unwelcome sexual conduct directed at another person. • Inappropriate jokes, words, gestures, or touching of a sexual form sexual harassment.

19. Reducing the Risk of Violence • Recognizing Warning Signs • Has difficulty controlling anger, or disobeys school rules, (more examples Figure 13.2. Pg. 337) • What can you do? • What a school can do? • Peer mediation • Rules of the school • Keeping the school a safe place

20. Why Violence Occur • A way to deal with conflicts. Some people use violence as a means of dealing with conflicts. In these cases, the victim may know his or her assailant (a person who commits a violent act against another) • Need to control others • Way of expressing anger • Prejudice-unfair opinion or judgment of a particular group of people • Retaliation

21. Influences of Violence • Weapons Availability • The Media • ATOD’s • Mental and Emotional Issues • Anger management

22. Types of Violence • Assault and Homicide • assault is an unlawful attack on a person with the intent to harm or kill. • random violence is committed for no particular reason. • Sexual Violence • Is any form of unwelcome sexual conduct directed at an individual, including sexual harassment, sexual assault, and rape. • Gang Related Violence

23. Types of Abuse • Abuse- is the physical, mental/emotional, or sexual mistreatment of one person by another. • Physical Abuse- is the intentional infliction of bodily harm or injury on another person. • Emotional Abuse • Verbal abuse -using words ti mistreat or injure another person. (name calling, insults) • stalking- is the reported following, harassment, or threatening of an individual to frighten or cause him or her harm.

24. Dating Violence • Dating violence includes all forms of abuse. • Sometimes teen victims may accept abuse as part of a relationship. • Signs indicating that an unhealthy dating relationship may be headed toward abusive behavior: • expressions of jealously • attempts to control a partner’s behavior • use of insults or put-downs to manipulate a partner • use of guilt to manipulate a partner • date rape occurs when one person in a dating relationship forces the other person to participate in sexual intercourse

25. Overcoming Abuse • It is important for people who have suffered abuse or rape to remember that they are victims and have not done anything wrong. • If you know someone that was rape • call law enforcement immediately • seek medical attention • Get into a support group or therapy.

26. Fact or Myth • The egg from the mother determines a baby’s gender • Twins result when more than one sperm fertilizes a single egg • A fetus usually remains in the uterus for about nine months • If a pregnant female using uses ATOD’s these substances can harm the fetus. • A female should gain as much weight as possible during pregnancy

27. Questions or Comments?