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Fox Review

Fox Review. ANTH 321: Kinship and Social Organization Kimberly Porter Martin, PH.D. Factors Contributing to Human Kinship Systems. Avoidance of incest Copulation Birth Death Social nature of the organism Status hierarchies in the group AND IN HUMANS Prolong gestation

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Fox Review

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  1. Fox Review ANTH 321: Kinship and Social Organization Kimberly Porter Martin, PH.D.

  2. Factors Contributing to Human Kinship Systems Avoidance of incest Copulation Birth Death Social nature of the organism Status hierarchies in the group AND IN HUMANS Prolong gestation Underdeveloped infants Prolonged childhood Upright, bipedal locomotion Large brain The development and management of material culture

  3. Studying Kinship Kinship Models = simplified structural design or pattern Ideal forms Vs. Real forms What is real is what is defined by the people in the group. Genetic concepts are modern Western concepts and do not exist in many cultures Kinds of kin: 1. consanguineal, 2. affinal, and 3. fictive kin

  4. Ways of Approaching Kinship Kinship as: • A system that has evolved and is adaptive • Social structure • Interpersonal relationships • Political alliances between groups • Organizing the orderly control of resources and power (owners and heirs, incumbents and successors) • Organizing long term marriage exchange • Producing the next generation • Ways of recruiting new individuals to the group • Functionalism

  5. Fox’s Four Principlesof Kinship • Women bear children • Men impregnate women • Men usually have control • Primary kin do not mate

  6. Evolutionary Factors • The kin basic unit is mother and child or children. • Video on the Mosuo (Wilson library) • Fathers are necessary to impregnate, but not beyond that. • Males are useful in providing protection and other kinds of support. • Different environments provide different challenges and require different sizes and compositions of groups.

  7. Kinship IssuesEnvironmental restrictions on kinship groupsLocal groups vs Extended groupsMatriarchy vs MatrilinealPatriarchy vs patrilineal

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